- Men's chorus
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A men's chorus or male voice choir (de:Männerchor), is a choir consisting of men who sing with either a tenor or bass voice, and whose voices are arranged into high and low tenors (1st and 2nd tenor), and high and low basses (1st and 2nd bass; or baritone and bass)—and shortened to the letters TTBB. The term can also refer to a piece of music which is performed by such a choir.
Male voice choirs are also found in the United Kingdom, particularly in Wales and Cornwall. See Music of Wales.
Men have sung together thoughout history. In the West, most music lovers will be familiar with monastic chanting such as the Gregorian Chant.
In addition men have come together to make music and enjoy the fellowship of others with a similar passion. Glee Clubs became popular in America where men would sing in harmony, usually a cappela. Russia has a long tradition of men singing in the Russian Orthodox Church. Elsewhere in the world, such as in Wales parts of the USA and Europe male choirs arose from the latter part of the 19th century through to present times.
Male Choirs (1st Tenor, 2nd Tenor, Baritone and Bass) even without trebles or boy sopranos have a slight advantage over women in that first tenors singing in the falsetto range of their voice can extend the range to encompass most of the range available to an SATB (Soprano, Alto, Tenor Bass) choir. As a consequence 1st tenors sing a very different part of the chords in a piece of music, often moving above the tenor staff and using the falsetto. Arguably the most well-known male choruses are those in Wales but there are highly skilled choirs around the world. Most male choruses today sing a wide range of music including the traditional Welsh hymns but also choruses from opera, musical comedy and the popular genre.
An unusual offshoot of the male chorus is the barbershop[1] genre. Barbershop singing uses unique and specialised arrangements and is nearly always unaccompanied.
Many of the modern male choruses owe their origins to the leidertafel groups which were very popular in the 19th and early 20th century with some examples still singing.
The History of "Männerchor" male voice choirs in Germany
Male voice choirs were an innovation of the 19th century, which arose in the course of the Enlightenment or Age of Reason. Traditional values, with an increasingly patriotic stance and coupled with the social pleasures of a circle of friends stood at the centre of the movement. Older folk songs found new popularity in the first half of the 19th century (Romantic Age). A capella four-voice male voice choirs replaced the previous choral forms of a mix of male, female and children's voices. National musical education was supposed to be promoted along with the political and social Enlightenment. Carl Friedrich Zelter (1758–1832) and above all Friedrich Silcher (1789–1860) were instrumental in influencing the development of a choral life, where choirs took root with a constitution, committee and - in the full flush of enthusiasm - showed all the "bells and whistles" of an organisation. In Switzerland, Hans Georg Nägeli continued this movement.
The choirs often gave themselves evocative names. If an enthusiast had spent a few days at the "golden Rhine", he would feel called on to found a choir on the River Weser with a name such as "Lorelei" or "Stolzenfels". Hoarse male voices called themselves "Harmony" or named their organisation "Concordia", or "The Warbling Nightingale". Such vocal enthusiasm was often bound with patriotism and love of nature. The life of such a club and the joy of singing in harmony was supposed to be especially helpful in diverting attention from a hard day's work. The musical content, after the initially more political forays, was accordingly: homeland, German forests, songs about the fruit of the grape, and of course - love. Areas which overflow with tourists today were once serenaded as quiet, romantic spots, in songs such as : ("In der Drosselgass“), "Zu Rüdesheim" and "Vater Rhein". In such songs, one would roam as a musician ("Spielmann") or hunter ("Jäger") through the country, and one felt oneself to be as free as a gypsy.
After the Second World War, the survivors found themselves back in their choirs, at first with new members, but the more the dreams of travel and romantic interludes could be actually realised with increasing wealth, the less the members had to seek the experiences about which they sang in thoughts alone. Thus began a gradual decline as the members of the great choirs aged and died and no new members replaced them. Despite this decline, there were still about 9641 male voice choirs in Germany around the year 2002 - about 15.9% of all choral forms.
See also
- Liedertafel
References
- This article incorporates information from this version of the equivalent article on the German Wikipedia.
Categories:- German music
- German music history
- Vocal music
- Choirs
- Musical groups
- Boys' and men's choirs
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