Christian Gobrecht

Christian Gobrecht
Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint
In office December 21, 1840[1] – July 23, 1844
President	Martin Van Buren William Henry Harrison John Tyler
Preceded by	William Kneass
Succeeded by	James Barton Longacre
Personal details
Born	December 23, 1785(1785-12-23) Hanover, Pennsylvania
Died	July 23, 1844(1844-07-23) (aged 58) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Spouse(s)	Mary Hamilton Hewes
Occupation	engraver, inventor

Christian Gobrecht (December 23, 1785 – July 23, 1844) was the third Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1835 until his death in 1844. He was responsible for designing the famous "Seated Liberty" designs, which were in turn the direct inspiration for the design of the Trade Dollar. He also designed the Gobrecht Dollar, which was struck in small quantities from 1836 to 1838 and later inspired the Flying Eagle cent.

Early life and career

Gobrecht was born on December 23, 1785, in Hanover, Pennsylvania, to Reverend John C. Gobrecht, who came to America from Germany in 1755, and Elizabeth Sands, with ancestry going back to 1642 in the Plymouth Colony.^[1] After apprenticing in Manheim, Pennsylvania, he engraved ornamental clockworks in Baltimore, Maryland until he moved to Philadelphia in 1811 to join Murray, Draper, Fairman, and Company, an engraving firm, around 1816.^[1] In 1823, Mint Director Robert Patterson sought to engage Gobrecht as assistant director, but Gobrecht declined the position. instead, in December, Gobrecht sought the position of chief engraver of the Mint, writing to President James Monroe. Instead, the position went to William Kneass.^[2]

In addition to his professional activities, Gobrecht was an inventor, inventing the camera lucida, a talking doll, a kind of melodeon, and the medal-ruling machine, which reproduces relief on a plane surface.^[2]

Chief engraver of the U.S. Mint

Gobrecht provided dies to the United States Mint as early as 1826, and became the assistant to chief engraver William Kneass in September 1835 after Kneass suffered a debilitating stroke on August 27 of that year. After Kneass' stroke, all pattern and die work was done by Gobrecht from then on, including Gobrecht Dollars, which were minted briefly in small quantities from 1836 to 1839. Shortly after Kneass' death in 1840, Gobrecht was appointed Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint on December 21, 1840.^[1] During his tenure of Chief Engraver of the Mint, Gobrecht produced perhaps what he is mainly known for, the Seated Liberty dollar, based on sketches by Thomas Sully, and Titian Peale. That design remained on U.S. coinage as late as 1891^[1] Gobrecht died in July 1844; his place as chief engraver was taken by James B. Longacre.^[3]

Additionally to engraving for the Mint, he also produced embossing plaque for bookbinding.^{[citation needed]}

Bibliography

• Taxay, Don (1983). The U.S. Mint and Coinage (reprint of 1966 edition ed.). New York, N.Y.: Sanford J. Durst Numismatic Publications. ISBN 0-915262-68-1. 

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} "Christian Gobrecht". uspatterns.com. http://uspatterns.stores.yahoo.net/chrisgob.html. Retrieved 11 August 2010. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Taxay, p. 109
3. ^ Taxay, p. 204

Government offices
Preceded by William Kneass	Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint 1840 - 1844	Succeeded by James B. Longacre

Persondata
Name	Gobrecht, Christian
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	December 23, 1785
Place of birth	Hanover, Pennsylvania
Date of death	July 23, 1844
Place of death	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania