Kyoto Tower

Infobox Skyscraper
building_name = Kyoto Tower
京都タワー


caption =
coordinates =
groundbreaking =
location = 721-1 Karasuma-dori
Higashi Shiokoji-cho
Shimogyō-ku, Kyoto 600-8216
constructed = 1963–64
opening = December 28, 1964
cost = ¥380 million
($1.056 million in 1963)cite web|url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20020317a5.html |work=The Japan Times |title=Taking a more traditional view |accessdate=2008-08-17 |date=2002-02-07 |author=Tegler, Gary]
use = Observation tower
floor_area =
antenna_spire = convert|131|m|ft|0
engineer =
architect = Makoto Tanahashi
contractor =
developer =
owner =

nihongo|Kyoto Tower|京都タワー|Kyōto-tawā is an observation tower located in Kyoto, Japan. The steel tower is the tallest structure in Kyoto with its observation deck at 100 meters (328 ft) and its spire at 131 meters (430 ft). The 800-ton tower stands atop a 9-story building, which houses a 3-star hotel and several stores. The entire complex stands opposite Kyoto Station.cite web|url=http://kyototravelguide.blogspot.com/2008/05/kyoto-tower.html |title=Kyoto Tower |accessdate=2008-08-17 |date=2008-05-02]

History

Kyoto Tower was proposed in the early 1960's, and it was planned to be constructed and completed in time to correspond with the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.cite web|url=http://www.japanvisitor.com/index.php?cID=357&pID=1605 |title=Rise Above: Perrin Lindelauf climbs to the top of Kansai's towers |work=JapanVistor.com |accessdate=2008-08-17 |author=Lindelauf, Perrin] Construction began in 1963 on the former site of Kyoto's central post office and was completed near the end of 1964. Unlike many other towers, such as Tokyo Tower that are constructed using metal lattice frames, Kyoto Tower's interior structure consists of many steel rings stacked on top of each other. The structure was then covered with lightweight steel sheets with a thickness between convert|12|-|22|mm|in|abbr=on. The sheets were then welded together and painted white. The intended overall effect was for the tower to resemble a Japanese candle.

Designed by Makoto Tanahashi, a doctor of engineering at Kyoto University, Kyoto Tower was built to withstand the forces of both earthquakes and typhoons. The head of the tower's business division, Tsuyoshi Tamura, claims it can withstand winds of up to 201 mph (90 m/s) and survive an earthquake of far greater magnitude than that of the Kobe or Tokyo earthquakes.

The tower was first opened to the public on December 28, 1964.cite web|url=http://kaiwai.city.kyoto.jp/search/view_sight.php?ManageCode=4000008&InforKindCode=1 |work=Kyoto City Tourism and Culture Information System |title=Kyoto Tower |accessdate=2008-08-17] Within its first year of opening, 1 million people visited the tower's observation deck. Throughout the years, the tower's draw as a tourist attraction has diminished. By 1999, observation deck ticket sales dropped to less than 400,000 a year, or about 1,000 a day.

Controversy

Kyoto Tower has been the subject of controversy since it was in its planning phase. Public opposition not only stemmed from the tower's ¥380 million ($1.056 million in 1963) price tag, but also from the fact that many believed the needle-shaped spire was too modern looking for the ancient capital. The construction regulations in Kyoto that restrict a building's maximum height increases the sense of proportion between the tower and the low "machiya" and ferroconcrete apartment blocks below. These municipal regulations have ensured that the tower maintains its status as the tallest man-made structure in the city since its construction and will likely help it to hold the distinction for many years to come.

Today, reaction to Kyoto Tower remains divided. Many foreigners who come to Kyoto seeking an elusive sense of old Japan are surprised to see both the modern, glass and steel Kyoto Station and the imposing steel tower directly across the street. Alex Kerr, an expert on Japan's fading past, has called the tower "a stake through the heart" of the city. While some disapprove of the tower, many locals have welcomed station and tower, believing them to help add a touch of modernity to the city to ensure that it does not become foreign to the rest of new Japan.

Facilities

Kyoto Tower is split into two distinct structures. The primary structure is the steel spire that begins on the roof of the building below. Tourists may buy tickets and ascend one of the tower's nine elevators to visit the convert|100|m|ft|sing=on-high, 500-person-capacity observation deck. This area is lined with game machines and pay telescopes and provides a 360-degree view of the city. From here, nearly all of Kyoto can be seen. The mountains of Higashiyama and Arashiyama are visible on the east and west sides respectively, while Kitayama can be seen to the north. On a clear day, some buildings in Osaka are visible to the south.

The second structure that completely supports the 800-ton tower and gives the it its first 30.8 meters of height is a 9-story building. The first four floors of the building house several commercial areas, including a souvenir shop, a 100 yen shop, a bookstore and a dentist's office. In the basement of the building, there is a spa. Floors 5-9 are devoted to the 160-room, 3-star Kyoto Tower Hotel. Atop the building and surrounding the tower is the circular, three-floor restaurant named Sky Lounge "空" ＫＵＵ.

ee also

*Tokyo Tower
*List of towers

References

External links

*ja icon [http://kyoto-tower.co.jp/kyototower/index.html Kyoto Tower official site]
* [http://www.kyoto-tower.co.jp/english/kyototower/index.html Kyoto Tower Hotel official site]