H. Stanley Allen

Infobox_Scientist
name = Herbert Stanley Allen

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image_width =
caption =
birth_date = birth date|1873|12|29
birth_place = Bodmin, Cornwall, England
death_date = death date and age |1954|4|27|1873|12|29
death_place = Balblair, Ross-shire, Scotland
nationality = United Kingdom
field = Physicist
work_institution = King's College London, University of London
University of Edinburgh
alma_mater = Trinity College, Cambridge
King’s College, University of London
doctoral_advisor = J. J. Thomson
Harold A. Wilson
Charles Glover Barkla
known_for = X-rays
Photo-electricity
Quantum mechanics

Herbert Stanley Allen (December 29, 1873 - April 27, 1954) was a pioneer in early X-ray research, working under J. J. Thomson at the University of London and alongside Nobel laureate Charles Glover Barkla at the University of Edinburgh. A supporter of the Parson magneton, Allen was also an early contributor to the field of quantum mechanics. [William Wilson," [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4606(195511)1%3C5%3AHSA1%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U Herbert Stanley Allen. 1873-1954] ", "Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society", V1, pp. 5-10 (Nov 1955).]

Biography

As an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge, Allen shared Whewell’s Court with fellow pupil Edmund Whittaker, earning his Mathematics B.A. there in 1896. After working at Cavendish Laboratory, Allen returned to Cambridge in 1898 to conduct research under J. J. Thomson on the motion of spheres through viscous fluids, useful in the determination of the elementary unit of charge. In 1900 he moved to Renfrew, where he researched spectral photography, the Zeeman effect, and radioactivity under Lord Blythwood. He was appointed lecturer in 1905 at King's College London where he obtained a D.Sc. in 1909 for his work on the discharge of electricity through gases. [H. Stanley Allen, “Some Problems Connected with the Discharge of Electricity in Gases.”] He conducted this work under Harold A. Wilson and contemporary Charles Glover Barkla, whom he followed to the University of Edinburgh in 1919.

Allen’s 1913 book, "Photo-electricity", [ H. Stanley Allen, "Photo-electricity: the Liberation of Electrons by Light" (London: Longmans Green 1913).] was an early contribution to the study of radiation, focusing on his earlier work in photoelectric fatigue. Beginning in 1919, he contributed a series of articles favoring a modified version of the Parson magneton, a physical model for the electron originally proposed in 1915 [H. Stanley Allen, "The Case for a Ring Electron", " [http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/-search=32606416.38/1478-7814/31/1/303 Proceedings of the Physical Society of London] ", V31, N1, pp. 49-68 (Dec 1918).] [H. Stanley Allen, "Optical Rotation, Optical Isomerism, and the Ring Electron", " [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/14786435.asp Philosophical Magazine] ", S6, V40, N6, p. 426 (1920).] [H. Stanley Allen, "The Angular Momentum and Some Related Properties of the Ring Electron", " [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/14786435.asp Philosophical Magazine] ", S6, V41, N6, p. 113 (1921).] Quantum theory was then in its infancy and Allen’s contributions were among the earliest to the subject. [H. Stanley Allen, "Faraday’s 'Magnetic Lines' as Quanta. Part I", " [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/14786435.asp Philosophical Magazine] ", S6, V42, p. 523 (1921).] [H. Stanley Allen, "Aether and the Quantum Theory", "Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh", V41, N3, p. 34 (1921).] [H. Stanley Allen, "The Quantum and its Interpretation", (London: Methuen & Co. 1928).] [ H. Stanley Allen, "Electrons and Waves: An Introduction to Atomic Physics" (London: Macmillan 1932).]

Fellow academic Sir D’Arcy Thompson said of him, “Perhaps he does not realize how strongly he has endeared himself to his colleagues and his students by his own personality, his faith and vision…” [D’Arcy Thompson, ‘’Minutes of the Meeting of the Senatus Acadamicus’’, (29 Jun 1944).] Allen died April 27, 1954 at the home of his daughter in Balblair, Ross-shire, Scotland.

Bibliography

Persondata
NAME = Allen, Herbert Stanley
SHORT DESCRIPTION = English Physicist
DATE OF BIRTH = December 29, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH = Bodmin, Cornwall, England
DATE OF DEATH = April 27, 1954
PLACE OF DEATH = Balblair, Ross-shire, Scotland