Escherichia

Taxobox
color = lightgrey
name = "Escherichia"


image_width = 270px
image_caption = SEM micrograph of cluster of "Escherichia coli" bacteria. Each individual bacterium is oblong shaped
regnum = Bacteria
phylum = Proteobacteria
classis = Gamma Proteobacteria
ordo = Enterobacteriales
familia = Enterobacteriaceae
genus = "Escherichia"
genus_authority = Castellani & Chalmers 1919
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision ="E. adecarboxylata"
"E. albertii"
"E. blattae"
"E. coli"
"E. fergusonii"
"E. hermannii"
"E. vulneris"

"Escherichia" is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae.cite book | author = Madigan M; Martinko J (editors). | title = Brock Biology of Microorganisms | edition = 11th ed. | publisher = Prentice Hall | year = 2005 | id = ISBN 0-13-144329-1 ] Inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals, "Escherichia" species provide a portion of the microbially-derived vitamin K for their host. "Escherichia coli" are the most numerous aerobic commensal inhabitants of the large intestine in humans.

Pathogenesis

While many "Escherichia" are harmless commensals, particular strains of some species are human pathogens,cite book | author = Guentzel MN | title = Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Citrobacter, and Proteus. "In:" Baron's Medical Microbiology "(Baron S "et al", eds.)| edition = 4th ed. | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 | id = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.1451 (via NCBI Bookshelf)] ISBN 0-9631172-1-1 ] and are known as the most common cause of urinary tract infections,cite journal | author=Ronald A | title=The etiology of urinary tract infection: traditional and emerging pathogens | journal=Dis Mon | year=2003 | pages=71–82 | volume=49 | issue=2 | pmid=12601338 | doi=10.1016/S0011-5029(03)90001-0 ] significant sources of gastrointestinal disease, ranging from simple diarrhea to dysentery-like conditions, as well as a wide-range of other pathogenic states.cite web | title=The Species of "Escherichia" other than "E. coli" | work=The Prokaryotes | url=http://141.150.157.117:8080/prokPUB/chaphtm/142/11_00.htm | accessdate=2006-05-05] While "E. coli" is responsible for the vast majority of "Escherichia"-related pathogenesis, other members of the genus have also been implicated in human disease.cite journal | author=Pien FD, Shrum S, Swenson JM, Hill BC, Thornsberry C, Farmer JJ 3rd | title=Colonization of human wounds by "Escherichia vulneris" and "Escherichia hermannii" | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year=1985 | pages=283–5 | volume=22 | issue=2 | pmid=3897270 ] ^,cite journal | author=Chaudhury A, Nath G, Tikoo A, Sanyal SC | title=Enteropathogenicity and antimicrobial susceptibility of new "Escherichia" spp | journal=J Diarrhoeal Dis Res | year=1999 | pages=85–7 | volume=17 | issue=2 | pmid=10897892 ]

ee also

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References