Second Battle of Chattanooga

Infobox Military Conflict
conflict=Second Battle of Chattanooga


caption=
partof=the American Civil War
date=August 21 - September 8, 1863
place=Chattanooga, Tennessee
result=Union victory
combatant1= flagicon|USA|1861 United States (Union)
combatant2= flagicon|CSA|1861 CSA (Confederacy)
commander1=John T. Wilder
commander2=Daniel H. Hill
strength1="Lightning Brigade"
strength2=D.H. Hill's Corps
casualties1=?
casualties2=?|The Second Battle of Chattanooga was a battle in the American Civil War, beginning on August 21, 1863, as the opening battle in the Chickamauga Campaign. The larger and more famous battle was the Third Battle of Chattanooga (generally referred to as "the" Battle of Chattanooga) in November 1863.

On August 16, 1863, Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans, commander of the Army of the Cumberland, launched a campaign to take Chattanooga, Tennessee. Col. John T. Wilder's brigade of the Union 4th Division, XIV Army Corps, marched to a location northeast of Chattanooga where the Confederates could see them, reinforcing Gen. Braxton Bragg's expectations of a Union attack on the town from that direction. On August 21, Wilder reached the Tennessee River opposite Chattanooga and ordered the 18th Indiana Light Artillery (Capt. Eli Lilly's battery) to begin shelling the town. The shells caught many soldiers and civilians in town in church observing a day of prayer and fasting. The bombardment sank two steamers docked at the landing and created a great deal of consternation amongst the Confederates.

Continuing periodically over the next two weeks, the shelling helped keep Bragg's attention to the northeast while the bulk of Rosecrans's army crossed the Tennessee River well west and south of Chattanooga. When Bragg learned on September 8 that the Union army was in force southwest of the city, he abandoned Chattanooga and marched his Army of Tennessee into Georgia. Bragg's army marched down the LaFayette Road and camped in the city of LaFayette.

ee also

*First Battle of Chattanooga

References

* [http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/tn018.htm National Park Service battle description]