The Hype about Hydrogen

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name = The Hype about Hydrogen
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author = Joseph J. Romm
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language = English
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publisher = Island Press
pub_date = 2004
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isbn = ISBN 1-55963-703-X
ISBN 1-55963-704-8
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"The Hype about Hydrogen: Fact and Fiction in the Race to Save the Climate" is a book by Joseph J. Romm, published in 2004 by Island Press and updated in 2005. The book has been translated into German as "Der Wasserstoff-Boom". [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=_549BRmQ5OEC&dq=romm+%22wasserstoff+boom%22&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=uijgvRXUbE&sig=9-dxm-iPa4T5ceUdkOsgb-4iLwI Excerpts from German version] ] Romm is "one of the world’s leading experts on clean energy, advanced vehicles, energy security, and greenhouse gas mitigation." [http://www.nuclearfoundation.org/rommbio.html From Romm's profile at The Foundation for Nuclear Studies] ]

Over 200 publications, including Scientific American, Forbes Magazine and The New York Times, have cited this book. [ [http://www.sciambookclub.com/doc/full_site_enrollment/detail/fse_product_detail.jhtml?repositoryId=024252B450 Scientific American Book Club review] ] [ [http://www.innovationwatch.com/books/bks_1559637048.htm Innovation Watch] ] [ [http://www.cleanhouston.org/about/romm.htm Clean Houston] ] The book was named one of the best science and technology books of 2004 by Library Journal.

The thrust of the book is that hydrogen is not economically feasible to use for transportation, nor will its use reduce global warming, because of the cost and greenhouse gases generated during production, the low energy content per volume and weight of the container, the cost of the fuel cells, and the cost of the infrastructure. The author argues that a major effort to introduce hydrogen cars before 2030 would actually undermine efforts to reduce emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. [cite web
url=http://egj.lib.uidaho.edu/egj23/mirza1.html
title= Review: The Hype About Hydrogen
author=Umar Karim Mirza
publisher=Electronic Green Journal
date=Spring 2006] [cite web
url=http://www.issues.org/20.3/romm.html
title=The Hype about Hydrogen
author=Joseph J. Romm
publisher=University of Texas
date=Spring 2004] [ [http://www.culturechange.org/hydrogen.htm Article describing the book] ] [ [http://lfee.mit.edu/metadot/index.pl?id=3461 The car and fuel of the future] - Presentation by Dr. Joseph Romm.]

Description of the book

"The Hype about Hydrogen" contends that global warming and U.S. reliance on foreign fuel imports cannot be solved by the hypothetical hydrogen economy that has been advanced as a possible solution to these problems, and that "neither government policy nor business investment should be based on the belief that hydrogen cars will have meaningful commercial success in the near or medium term."

The book explains how fuel cells work and compares different types. It then reviews the difficulties in marketing fuel cells for applications other than transportation and argues that these are in fact easier and more likely to happen soon than transportation applications.

The history of hydrogen and its methods of production are then described. The book claims that the most common and cost-effective method of hydrogen production is from natural gas, which emits large amounts of CO₂ (a greenhouse gas), since it would require too much electric power to produce hydrogen using the electrolysis method. The monetary costs of hydrogen fueling infrastructure for the U.S. are then estimated at half a trillion U.S. dollars, and the book describes additional energy and environment costs to liquefy and compress hydrogen for use in fueling stations.

The book goes on to discuss the hypothetical evolution of the cost of vehicles with fuel cells and with hydrogen-powered internal combustion engines, as well as possible adoption strategies. It then reviews the issue of the greenhouse effect and offers four reasons why hydrogen would not be useful in reducing greenhouse gas emissions:
*Internal combustion engines continue to improve in efficiency.
*Since hydrogen is likely to be made from combustion of fossil fuels, it produces less CO₂ and other greenhouse gases to burn the fossil fuel directly.
*Fuel cells are likely to be much more expensive than competing technologies.
*Fuels used to make hydrogen could achieve larger reductions in greenhouse gas emissions if used to replace the least efficient of the electric power plants.

The book then describes pilot projects in Iceland and California.

In its conclusion, the book states that hydrogen will not be widely available as a transportation fuel for a long time, and describes other strategies, including energy conservation techniques, to combat global warming.

Critical reception

"The Hype about Hydrogen" was named one of the best science and technology books of 2004 by Library Journal.

The New York Review of Books stated that the book gives "the most direct answers" to the question on the promise of a near-term hydrogen economy, calling Romm "a hydrogen realist". [ [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/17179 Review in NY Review of Books] ]

The environmental community newsletter TerraGreen agrees with Romm in the claim that "the car of the near future is the hybrid vehicle", and cites the book's good reception by Toyota's advanced technologies group. [ [http://static.teriin.org/terragreen/issue107/reviews.htm Review in TerraGreen Newsletter] ]

The San Diego Union Tribune's 2004 review noted that Romm's "clear logic" reaches conclusions similar to an authoritative study issued by the National Academy of Sciences. [ [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20040321/news_lz1v21hydrog.html Review in The San Diego Union-Tribune] ]

Three UC Davis scientists who also reviewed the book agreed on its basic premises, but claimed that Romm had made selective use of sources, for example, citing the highest cost estimates, adopting extremely high estimates of efficiency for advanced gasoline vehicles, and giving weight to controversial non-peer-reviewed studies. [ [http://pubs.acs.org/cen/books/8241/print/8241books.html Review in Chemical and Engineering News] ]

Romm and Prof. Andrew A. Frank co-authored an article, "Hybrid Vehicles Gain Traction", published in the April 2006 issue of Scientific American, in which they argue that hybrid cars that can be plugged into the electric grid (Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles), rather than hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, will soon become standard in the automobile industry. [ [http://www.calcars.org/calcars-news/329.html "Hybrid Vehicles Gain Traction"] ]

ee also

*Hydrogen vehicle
*List of books about energy issues
*Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
*Vegetable oil economy
*"Who Killed the Electric Car?"
*"Hell and High Water"

References

External links

*cite web | url= http://www.wired.com/cars/energy/news/2008/05/hydrogen| title= "Hydrogen Cars Won't Make a Difference for 40 Years" | last=Squatriglia | first= Chuck | date= May 12, 2008 |work= Wired|publisher= CondéNet, Inc| accessdate= 2008-05-13, quoting Romm
* [http://www.technologyreview.com/Energy/18301 "Technology Review" article on BMW's new hydrogen vehicle, extensively discussing Romm's analysis] in the March/April 2007 issue
* [http://www.eande.tv/main/?date=091605 September 16, 2005 television interview with Romm about the book and hydrogen cars]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=yXY8z3ZEog0C&pg=PA104&lpg=PA104&dq=%22hype+about+hydrogen%22+romm+german&source=web&ots=fnMP8MZJbe&sig=dSUlRHMOdw1khyCSv9Oao8WWEpg#PPA68,M1 Online excerpts from the book]
* [http://www.efcf.com/reports/ Does a Hydrogen Economy Make Sense?]
* [http://www.thestar.com/columnists/article/268851 2007 Toronto Star article on hydrogen vehicles noting Romm's views]