The Swing Mikado

Infobox Musical
name= The Swing Mikado
subtitle=


caption=
music= Gentry Warden
Arthur Sullivan
lyrics= W. S. Gilbert
book=
basis= Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera, "The Mikado"
productions= 1938 Chicago

awards=

"The Swing Mikado" is an operetta in two acts with music arranged by Gentry Warden, based on Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera, "The Mikado". It was first staged by an all-black company in Chicago in 1938 and featured a setting transposed from Japan to a tropical island. Other changes from the original work included the re-scoring of five of the musical numbers in "swing" style, the insertion of popular dance sequences including "The Truck" and "The Cakewalk," and the rewriting of some of the dialogue in an attempt at "black dialect". Other than that, the original dialogue and score of 1885 were used. [http://ase.tufts.edu/gsc/GSS/presentations2002.html] The show was also presented at the 1939 San Francisco World's Fair. [http://www.umich.edu/~afroammu/standifer/hairston.html]

"The Swing Mikado" was a production of the WPA's Federal Theatre Project. The production was conceived, staged, and directed by Harry Minturn, with swing re-orchestrations of Arthur Sullivan's music by Warden, and starring Maurice Cooper as Nanki-Poo. After a five-month run in Chicago, the production moved to Broadway where it had a run of 86 performances. Its success inspired producer Mike Todd to mount a similar production, "The Hot Mikado" (1939). There is some disagreement over whether or not the production reinforced negative racial stereotypes.

The opening night in New York was attended by Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry Hopkins, and Mayor LaGuardia. The "New York Times" reviewer, Brooks Atkinson, gave it a good, if patronizing, review, praising Maurice Cooper as "a Nanki-Poo of superior voice and articulate acting capability" but complaining that the large company of "sepia show-folk" [sic] included "some that only fumble the music." Atkinson indicated that:"...after a slow start the show goes on a bender, the performers grin and strut and begin stamping out the hot rhythms with an animal frenzy. 'Za-zu-za-zu,' the three little maids from school say huskily, breaking down into a smoking caper. All this is something to see and hear... the chorus includes some dusky wenches who can dance for the Savoyard jitterbugs with gleaming frenzy, tossing their heads in wild delight... when [the company] gives "The Mikado" a Cotton Club finish, they raise the body temperature considerably."

Musical numbers

;Act 1
*A Wandering Minstrel - Nanki-Poo and Male Chorus
*Our Great Mikado - Pish-Tush and Male Chorus
*Young Man Despair - Pooh-Bah, Pish-Tush and Nanki-Poo
*Behold the Lord High Executioner - Ko-Ko and Male Chorus
*I've Got a Little List - Ko-Ko and Male Chorus
*Three Little Maids from School - Yum-Yum, Pitti-Sing, Peep-Bo and Girls Chorus
*So Pardon Us - Yum-Yum, Pitti-Sing, Peep-Bo, Pooh-Bah, Pish-Tush and Girls Chorus
*Were You Not to Ko-Ko Plighted - Yum-Yum and Nanki-Poo
*I Am So Proud - Ko-Ko, Pooh-Bah and Pish-Tush ;Act 2
*Braid the Raven Hair - Pitti-Sing and Girls Chorus
*Moon Song (The Moon and I) - Yum-Yum and Quintet
*Madrigal - Yum-Yum, Pitti-Sing, Nanki-Poo and Pish-Tush
*Here's a How-de-do - Yum-Yum, Nanki-Poo and Ko-Ko
*The Mikado - Katisha and The Mikado
*I'm the Emperor of Japan - The Mikado and Chorus
*The Criminal Cried - Ko-Ko, Pitti-Sing and Pooh-Bah
*A Is Happy - The Mikado, Pooh-Bah, Pitti-Sing, Ko-Ko and Katisha
*Flowers That Bloom in the Spring - Pitti-Sing, Ko-Ko, Katisha, Pooh-Bah, Nanki-Poo, Dancers and Quintet
*Titwillow - Ko-Ko
*There Is Beauty in the Bellows of the Blast - Katisha and Ko-Ko

ee also

*African American musical theater

References

*Vallillo, Stephen M. "The Battle of the Black Mikados" in "Black American Literature Forum", Vol. 16, No. 4, Black Theatre Issue (Winter, 1982), pp. 153-157. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0148-6179(198224)16%3A4%3C153%3ATBOTBM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-I]
* [http://ase.tufts.edu/gsc/GSS/presentations2002.html Article arguing that the production debunked rather than reinforced racial stereotypes]
* [http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/spec-coll/Bai/farran.htm Notes on the public and critical reception of the piece]
* [http://www.ibdb.com/production.asp?ID=12463 "The Swing Mikado" at the IBDB database]