Australia and the Southern Ocean

Australia and the Southern Ocean

The Southern Ocean is defined by Australia as all the ocean south of Australia, extending to Antarctica. Other countries describe some of that water as either the Indian Ocean or Pacific Ocean, with the Southern Ocean only the part closest to Antarctica (ie south of 60° S latitude).

Australia

Australia defines the open waters south of the continent as the "Southern Ocean". Both Geoscience Australiacite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/bin/gazm01?placename=southern+ocean&placetype=0&state=0 |publisher=Geoscience Australia |accessdate=2007-09-26 |title=Place Names Search Results: Southern Ocean] and the Royal Australian Navy Hydrographic Servicecite web |url=http://www.hydro.gov.au/webapps/jsp/mga/mga.jsp?pass_name=southern+ocean&pass_code=&pass_number=&Search2=Search |title=MGA Search Results: Southern Ocean |accessdate=2007-09-26 |publisher=Australian Hydrographic Service] online gazetteers represent the Southern Ocean close to the mainland.

International Hydrographic Organisation

Since 2000, the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) has defined the "Southern Ocean" as those waters surrounding Antarctica south of the 60° S circle of latitude, and this definition is widely applied to the name. Formally, however, the IHO do not yet recognise the name, as the 2000 decision to reinstate it is still awaiting ratification. [cite web | title = Report of the International Hydrographic Organization to the Ninth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names | url = http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/9th-UNCSGN-Docs/E-CONF-98-CRP-53.pdf | accessdate = 2008-08-24] Australia has lodged a reservation to the definition. [cite web |url= http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/12/21/1071941610556.html | title = Canberra all at sea over position of Southern Ocean]

CIA World Fact Book

The CIA World Fact Book mistakenly identified the water south of Australia as the South Pacific Ocean on one of its primary reference maps. [cite web |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/reference_maps/antarctic.html |title=Antarctic Region |accessdate=2007-09-26] Their world maps over the past five years and their primary "Oceania" - Australia map (produced in May 2007) instead place "Indian Ocean" below Australia and/or carefully place "Southern Ocean" only between 60 degrees south latitude and Antarctica. [cite web |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/refmaps.html |title=Oceania and World |accessdate=2007-09-26]

References


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