Jhelum (City)

Pakistani Cities
official_name= Jhelum
جہلم


emblem=
province=Punjab
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n1=32|n2= 56|n3= 00
e1= 73
e2= 44
e3= 00
elevation_m=
area_total_km2=
census_year= 1998
census_pop= 293000
population_density_km2=
code=0544
nazim= Khawaja Asif
naib nazim=
footnotes= [http://www.apnajhelum.net Jhelum Website]
uc=7|

Jhelum or Jehlum (Urdu: جہلم) is a city in northern Punjab Province, Jhelum District, Pakistan. Jhelum lies on the right bank of the Jhelum River. The 16th-century Grand Trunk Road passes through the city. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan the population of Jhelum was 293,000. [1998 Census of Pakistan] There is a variety of industry in and around Jhelum city. Major industries include the famous tobacco factory, wood, glass and flour mills. The tobacco company is commonly known as PTC. It is a multinational company and working under the BAT (British American Company)

History

Jhelum is near the site of the famous Battle of the Hydaspes between the armies of Alexander the Great and Raja Porus (the Thathaal King). This battle took place a few miles downstream from the city centre, along the river banks. The city was founded to commemorate the death of Alexander's horse, Bucephalus, and was originally called Bucephala. Nearby there is also the historic 16th century Rohtas Fort and Tilla Jogian.

During British rule Jhelum was connected by the North-Western Railway to other cities in the Indian empire, 1,367 miles from Calcutta, 1,413 from Bombay, and 849 from Karachi. The population according to the 1901 census of India was 14,951 [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V14_165.gifImperial Gazetteer of India, v. 14, p. 159-160] ] .

According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India"The present town is of modern origin, the old town, which may have been the Bucephala of Alexander having been, on the left or opposite bank of the river. Under Sikh rule the place was quite unimportant, being mainly occupied by a settlement of boatmen, and at the time of annexation contained about 500 houses.It was then chosen as the site of a cantonment and as the head-quarters of the civil administration. For some years it was the seat of the Commissioner of the Division, but in 1859 his head-quarters were transferred to Rawalpindi. Under British rule Jhelum has steadily advanced in prosperity; and it is the entrepôt for most of the trade of the District, though, since the completion of the Sind-Sāgar branch of the North-Western Railway; the salt trade no longer passes through it. It is an important timber dépôt, the timber from the Kashmir forests which is floated down the river being collected here. A good deal of boat-building is carried on. The cantonment, which is 3 miles from the civil station, contains the church and post office. The normal strength of the garrison is one Native cavalry and four Native infantry regiments. The municipality was founded 1867. During the ten years ending 1902-3 the receipts averaged Rs. 32,100, and the expenditure Rs, 31,900. Receipts and expenditure from cantonment funds in the same period averaged Rs. 31,900 and Rs. 6,100 respectively. The chief income of the municipality in 1903-4 was Rs.34,200 chiefly from octroi; and the expenditure was Rs. 41,000. The town has two Anglo vernacular schools, a municipal high school, and a middle school maintained by the American Presbyterian Mission. Besides the civil hospital, the mission also maintains a hospital."

Jhelum was also a centre of resistance against the British during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. 35 British soldiers of HM XXIV regiment were killed by the local resistance and to commemorate this victory the British built St. John's Church Jhelum. A lectern inside the church shows the names of those 35 soldiers who died here. This church is a historic building of Jhelum.

William Connolly, a British soldier won Victoria Cross in this battle. Mirza Dildar Baig was the freedom fighter who took part in the struggle of 1857 in Jhelum, arrested and hanged near the river Jhelum. His shrine is there and he is also known as .shahid nasir .The railway bridge on the river Jhelum was built in 1873 by the British engineer William St. John Galwey. He also made the great Empress Bridge over the river Sutlej.

Administration

As well as being district capital, Jhelum city is also the headquarters of Jhelum Tehsil, the city of Jhelum is administratively subdivided into 7 Union Councils [ [http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=12&dn=Jhelum Tehsils & Unions in the District of Jhelum - Government of Pakistan] ] .

City

The main market area of the city is centered around "Shandar Chowk", "GTS Chowk", "Muhammadi Chowk" and includes "Main Bazaar", "Niya Bazaar", "Raja Bazaar", "Kinari Bazaar", "Sarafa Bazaar", and "Chowk-Ehl-e-Hadith" etc.

Some of the main roads of Jhelum City are Civil Line, Railway Road, Old GT Road, Kucheri Road, Iqbal Road and Rohtas Road.

A cantonment was built during the British rule, which has grown up into a strong Garrison, with an Infantry Division commanded by a Major General.

Area of Jhelum City is about 22 km². For more details see: List of Cities of Punjab, Pakistan by Area.

ports

The city also boasts a high-class golf course called the River-View Golf Club, where national golf tournaments are held regularly.

Also there is a Cricket Stadium named Zamir Jaffri Cricket Stadium where regional tournaments are held regularly. Now Pakistan Cricket Board has upraised this stadium for National events.

Colleges

Some of the famous and important colleges of Jhelum City are:

* Army Public School and College Jhelum Cantt.
* FG Intermediat College Jhelum Cantt.
* Fauji Foundation Model School & College, Jhelum Cantt.
* Bahria Foundation College, GT Road, Jhelum.
* Govt. Degree College, Jhelum.
* Govt. College. G.T. Road, Jhelum.
* Govt. College for Women, Jhelum.
* Govt. College of Commerce, Bilal Town, Jhelum.
* National Foundation School and College, Jhelum.
* Govt. Islamia Girls Higher Secondary School and College, Jhelum.
* Jinnah Law College Near Kutcheri, Jhelum.
* M.A. Jinnah College of Commerce & Computer Science, Jhelum.
* PICS, Bilal town Jhelum.
* City College for Girls, Jhelum
* [http://www.slspk.com/ SLS College, Jhelum.]

Major Organizations

Major organizations working in Jhelum are:

* Pakistan Medical Association (Jhelum Chapter)
* Tanzeem-e-Amal
* Khair un Naas
* Alfalah
* AlMarkaz
* Jawan Dost Tanzeem
* SEHET (Society for Education, Health and Enviroment)
* Zam Zam Pathology Lab run by Dr. Ghafoor.

Hospitals

Jhelum has some of the largest hospitals in the area which include the hospital in cantonment area of the city managed by the Pakistan Army or sub organisations.
* District Headquarter Hospital, Jada
* Combined Military Hospital, Jhelum Cantt
* Fauji Foundation Hospital, GT Road
* Inayat karim medical centre, Rathian
* Khadam Ali Memorial Hospital, Machine Mohalla No. 1
* Khan Muhammad Hospital, AlAsria Road.
* Sughra Hospital, Jhelum Cantt
* Shahid memorial trust hospital jhelum
* AlKaram Hospital, Civil Lines
* Afzal Hospital, Machine Mohalla No.3
* Noor-un-Nisa Hospital
* Meeran-Baksh Hospital
* Umair Children Hospital, Machine Mohalla No.3
* Fazal Hospital
* Al Qasim Hospital, Civil Line
* Azeem Hospital
* Capt. Moazzam Shaheed Hospital
* Mirza Hospital, Shandar Chowk

Major Medical Service Providers----
* Inayat karim medical centre, providing CT Scan, MRI,mamography and heart scanning and fully equipped ambulances.
* Tanzeem-e-Amal Blood Bank & Vaccination Center
* Alshifa Testing Center
* Agha Khan Laboratories
* Zam Zam Labs & Diagnostics
* Samra LABS

Major Industries

* Pakistan Tobacco Company
* KDC Plywood Factory
* Allience Textile Mill
* Pakistan ChipBoard Factories
* Koh-e-Noor Flour Mills
* Khawaja Glass Factory
* Saeed Industries
* Marble Factories in "Industrial Area"
* Shahid Medical Hall - Shandar Chowk -

Famous people

* Raja Porus who fought valiantly against Alexander in 326BC
* Major Mohammad Akram, Shaheed Nishan-i-Haider
* General Asif Nawaz Janjua, Chief of the Pakistan Army Staff
* Lt. Gen.(Retd) Afzal Janjua DG ISI.
* Lt. Gen.(Retd) Saeed-uz-Zaman Janjua, Ex Ambassador Brunai.
* Lt. Gen.(Retd) Ijaz Azeem (Also served as Ambassador in America)
* Major General Etesham Zameer Pakistan Army
* Lieut. General Muhammad Masood Aslam, Sitara-i-Jurat
* Dr.Nazar Mohammad,The first and only muslim doctor in the region before partition.
* Inayat Karim,the assistant manager director in railway workshop,sitara-i-khidmat 1962 war.
* Dr. Hasnat Khan, became famous as Princess Diana's friend
* Raja Mohmammad Afzal Khan,Ex Senator and MNA
* Nawabzada Iqbal Mehdi Khan,Ex Forest Minisater Punjab and MNA
* Rabia Qari, First Muslim woman barrister
* Ms. Bushra Iqbal of Village Monan Jhelum received MBE Award( Member British Empire ) From Queen Elizabeth 2008 for services to Community Relations in Strathclyde. She is Head of Strategy and Policy Development, West of Scotland Racial Equality Council.
* Justice Fazal Karim, Supreme Court of Pakistan
* Syed Zamir Jafri, a famous poet
* Mirza Abdul Ghafoor Baig, Advocate Supreme Court of Pakistan.
* Chaudhary Altaf Hussain, Ex-Governor of Punjab not to be confused with Altaf Hussain the leader of the MQM
* Inder Kumar Gujral, Former Prime minister of India
* Sunil Dutt, Bollywood actor
* O P Dutta, Father of J P Dutta Movie Maker, writer in India
* Mr. Justice Iftikhar Hussain Chaudhry Chief Justice Of Lahore High Court,
* Mr. M. Awais Anjum ( Electrical Engineer / Honorary Doctor of Electronics )
* Dr Ghulam Hussain, Close ally of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto & co founder of Pakistan people's Party, Ex General Secetary of PPP, also one of the writers of Pakistan's first constitition in 1973
* Jogi Jhelumee a famous poet of Punjabi language
* Gurinder Chadha Director of Bend It Like Beckaham, traces her ancestory to a village in Jhelum.

Picture Gallery

ee also

* Zamir Jafri, famous Pakistani poet
* Rabia Qari, the first female Muslim barrister in South Asia
* Inder Kumar Gujral, thirteenth Prime Minister of India
* Jhelum Cantonment
* List of Cities of Punjab, Pakistan by Area

References

External links

* [http://www.apnajhelum.com Official Urdu Website of Jhelum with News updates]
* [http://pportal.punjab.gov.pk/portal/portal/media-type/html/group/314]
* [http://www.mubashirnazir.org Mubashir Nazir, an author from Jhelum]
* [http://www.slspk.com/ SLS College & Visa Centre, Resham Plaza, Civil Line, Jhelum.]

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