Urea nitrate

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Formula = CH₅N₃O₄
MolarMass = 123.068 g/mol
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Urea nitrate is a fertilizer-based high explosive that has been used in improvised explosive devices in Israel and Iraq.cite web
url=http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/09/spray-on-test-f.html
title=Chem Lab: Spray-On Test for Improvised Explosives
author=Aaron Rowe
publisher=Wired] It has a destructive power similar to better-known ammonium nitrate explosives, with a velocity of detonation between 11,155 and 15,420 fps.cite web
url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/explosives-anfo.htm
title=Explosives - ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate - Fuel Oil)
publisher=GlobalSecurity.org]

Production is by nitration of urea using nitric acid. This is an exothermic reaction, so steps must be taken to control the temperature. Presence of sulfuric acid during the nitration catalizes the reaction, although this is not necessary.

Urea nitrate explosions may be initiated using a blasting cap.

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