Qazi Motahar Hossain

Infobox revolution biography
name=Qazi Motahar Hossain
alternate name=
lived=30 July 1897 – 9 October - 1981


dateofbirth=30 July, 1897
placeofbirth=Lakshmipur, Kushtia (British India)
dateofdeath=death date and age|1981|10|09|1897|7|30
placeofdeath= Dhaka (Bangladesh)
offices=
organizations=Muslim Shahitya Samaj
movement=

Qazi Motahar Hossain ( _bn. কাজী মোতাহার হোসেন) is a famous Bangladeshi author, scientist, statistician and journalist. He is also renowned for his unique style of literature. He had intimate friendship with poet Kazi Nazrul Islam, Kazi Abdul Odud and many other eminent figures. He is well known as a chess genius.

Life

Qazi Motahar Hossain was born in his mothers village Lakshmipur in the district of Kushtia in 1897. His father was Qazi Gaohar Uddin Ahmed and mother was Tasirunnesa. He passed his childhood in his fathers village Bagmara in Faridpur. He received his earliest education from his father and from the village primary school.cite book
last =Hossain
first =Qazi Motahar
authorlink =
coauthors =
title = Smritikatha
publisher =Naba Yug Prakashani
date =2004
location =Dhaka
pages =
url =
doi =
id =
isbn = ]

He entered Kushtia Zilla School for Secondary studies.Among the teachers he specially recalled of Jyotindranath Roy and Jatindra Mohan Biswas. Hossain learnt Algebra, Geometry, Conic section and Mechanics from Mr. Jyotindranath Roy. Mr. Roy introduced the Mechanics course in the school solely for Hossain as he was the only student of Mechanics. In 1915 he passed Entrance from there.

After passing entrance Mr. Hossain admitted himself at the Presidency College, Calcutta for I Sc course. There he was highly impressed by eminent teachers like Praphulla Chandra Ghosh (English), Mr. Sterling (English), Praphulla Chandra Roy (Chemistry). But unfortunately due to an unpleasant experience he transferred himself to Rajshahi College in the middle of academic year. Here he also found many good teachers. Beside his studies Hossain showed considerable skill and interest in sports such as football, Tennis etc. In 1917 he passed I Sc from there.

Motahar Hossain choose Dhaka College to take higher studies in Mathematics and Physics. In 1917 he arrived Dhaka and got admitted to Dhaka College.Here he found W A Jenkins (Physics), Wrangler Bhupati Mohan Sen (Mathematics), Bankim Das Banerjee (Mathematics) and others as teachers. In 1919 he passed B A (Hons.) from here.

In 1920 he married Sajeda Khatun with whom he passed the long eventful course of his life. Later their children were famous peoples, they are Qazi Anwar Hussain (famous author), Jobaida Mirza, Sanjida Khatun (author and singer).

He passed M A in Physics in 1921 from Dhaka College under Calcutta University. Before his M A examination he got important help from Satyen Bose who came to Dhaka in 1921 as a reader of Physics of newly established Dhaka University.

With the encouragement and stimulation of Satyen Bose he went to Calcutta in order to study Statistics. This was a fresh new subject in the subcontinent until then. Great statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis had just established Indian Statistical Institute in Calcutta to introduce the new subject to Indian students. Hossain was taught the subject with great care of Mr. Mahalanobis. In 1938 he got a Diploma in Statistics from ISI.

He died in Dhaka on 9th October, 1981. Whole nation mourned deeply at his death.

A postage stamp was published by "Bangladesh Postal Department" to respect his contributions.

Career

Qazi Motahar Hossain joined the newly established Dhaka University in 1921 as a demonstrator of Physics while he was a student of M A at Dhaka College. In 1923 he was promoted to assistant-lecturer. In 1948 Statistics M A was established with his own effort and he joined the department. He retired from Dhaka University in 1961. In 1964 he founded the [http://www.univdhaka.edu/department/index.php?bodyid=ISR Institute of Statistical Reasearch and Training] and since then it is considered as the countries leading school of Statistics. From 1964-1966 he served as the founder-director of the institute. He retired from the position of director in 1966 due to old age. Dhaka University appointed him as honorary Professor Emeritus in 1969.

Motahar Hossain also showed unusual skill in the game of chess. For seven times he was the all India chess champion. He is known as the "chess-guru" of Bangladesh as he has popularized the game to his generation. Many of his pupils later flourished in the game.

In 1920's and 1930's he became involved with "Buddhir Mukti Andolon" (Freedom of thought movement) with his intimate friend Kazi Abdul Odud and others as a convener and editor of the organizations official proceeding named "Shikha".cite book
last =Huq
first =Mahbubul
authorlink =
coauthors =Abdul Mannan Syed, Shofiul Alam, Kobir Uddin Ahmed Mazumder
title = Uchcho Maddhomik Bangla Shonkolon
publisher =National Curriculum and Textbook Board
date =July 1998
location =Dhaka
pages =
url =
doi =
id =
isbn = ]

In 1975 after the liberation of Bangladesh he became the national professor of Bangladesh. Until his death in 1981 he decorated the position.

Works

Hossain wrote many books regarding science, religion, culture and music. Some of his books are:

*Shancharan (1937)
*Nazrul Kabya Porichiti (Introduction to Nazrul`s Poetry) (1955)
*Gonit Shastrer Itihas (History of Mathematics) (1970)

*Alok Bigyan (Optics) (1974)
*Nirbachito Probondho (Collected Essays) (1976)

He is specially remembered for his implementation of logic, lucidity and simplicity of language and clarity in his writings.His first published book "Shancharan" was praised by Rabindranath Tagore. Bangla Academy has published his complete works in four volumes.

He had also given many speeches in many occasions and written many biographical notes.A collection of his eighteen biographical essays was published in 2004 under the title "Smritikatha" by Qazi Motahar Hossain Foundation.The foundation has also reprinted his "Gonit Shastrer Itihas" in the same year.

Awards

Throughout his life Motahar Hossain achieved many prestigious awards and was honoured by many person and organizations.Some prizes and honours he was conferred are: [cite book
last =Hossain
first =Qazi Motahar
authorlink =
coauthors =
title = Gonit Shastrer Itihas
publisher =Parua
date =February 1970;reprint July 2004
location =Dhaka
pages =
url =
doi =
id =
isbn = ]

*Bangla Academy Shahitya Purashkar (Bangla Academy Literary Award)(1966).
*Honorary D Sc from Dhaka University (1974).
*Nasir Uddin Swarna Padak (Golden Plaque) (1977).
*Swadhinota Dibas Purashkar (Independence Day Award) (1979).
*Mukta Dhara Shahitya Purashkar (1980)

References

External links

* [http://www.univdhaka.edu/department/index.php?bodyid=ISR Institute of Statistical Research and Training] Home Page
* [http://www.bangladeshpost.gov.bd/Philately/ViewStampDet.asp?StampSerialNo=0052&PublicationYear=1982&SubID=01&YearSerialNo=0002 Postage Stamp representing Qazi Motahar Hossain] by Bangladesh Post Office.