Ischyropsalididae

Taxobox


image_caption =
image_width = 250px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Arachnida
ordo = Opiliones
subordo = Dyspnoi
superfamilia = Ischyropsalidoidea
familia = Ischyropsalididae
familia_authority = Simon, 1879
genus = "Ischyropsalis"
genus_authority = C. L. Koch, 1839
type_species = "Ischyropsalis kollari"
type_species_authority = C. L. Koch, 1839
diversity_link = Ischyropsalididae
diversity = 37 species
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = :"see text"

The Ischyropsalididae are a family of harvestmen with about 40 described species.

Description

Species in this family range in body length from about four to 8.5 mm. They have moderately long legs. The greatly enlarged chelicerae can be almost twice as long as the body. While they share this feature with the Nipponopsalididae, this is a case of convergent evolution. The elongated pedipalps are rather slender. Some species occur in caves.aut|Gruber, Jürgen (2007): Ischyropsalididae Simon, 1879. In: Pinto-da-Rocha "et al." 2007: 145ff]

Distribution

Members of this family are restricted to Europe, with many species found in the mountains (Pyrenees, Alps, Carpathian Mountains, and Dinaric Mountains. They reach into the Netherlands, northwestern Germany and Poland in the north and to Calabria in the south. A find from Sardinia is considered doubtful.

Relationships

The nearest relatives of the Ischyropsalididae are possibly the genera "Ceratolasma" and "Acuclavella" (Ceratolasmatidae) from western North America. While the genus "Taracus" (Sabaconidae) has anatomical similarities, it is not closely related.

Name

The genus name is a combination of Ancient Greek "ischyros" "strong" and "psalis" "shears", referring to the greatly enlarged chelicerae.

pecies

* "Ischyropsalis adamii" Canestrini, 1873
* "Ischyropsalis amseli" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis apuana" Caporiacco, 1930 - cave in Italy:* "Ischyropsalis apuana apuana" Caporiacco, 1930:* "Ischyropsalis apuana nanus" Dresco, 1969
* "Ischyropsalis archeri" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis asturica" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis caporiaccoi" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis carli" Lessert, 1905 - Switzerland
* "Ischyropsalis coreana" Suzuki, 1966
* "Ischyropsalis corsica" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis dentipalpis" Canestrini, 1872 - Alps
* "Ischyropsalis dispar" Simon, 1872 - Pyrenees
* "Ischyropsalis hadzii" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis helvetica" Roewer, 1916 - Switzerland
* "Ischyropsalis helwigii" (Panzer, 1794) - Europe:* "Ischyropsalis helwigii helwigii" (Panzer, 1794):* "Ischyropsalis helwigii lucantei" Simon, 1879 - high Pyrenees
* "Ischyropsalis hispanum" Roewer, 1953
* "Ischyropsalis janetscheki" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis knirchi" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis kollari" C. L. Koch, 1839
* "Ischyropsalis kratochvili" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis lusitanica" Roewer, 1923 - Portugal
* "Ischyropsalis luteipes" Simon, 1872 - Pyrenees
* "Ischyropsalis magdalenae" Simon, 1881 - Spain
* "Ischyropsalis manicata" L. Koch, 1865 - Bosnia
* "Ischyropsalis muelleri" Hansen & Sørensen, 1904
* "Ischyropsalis muellneri" Hamann, 1898
* "Ischyropsalis navarrensis" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis nicaea" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis nodifera" Simon, 1879 - Pyrenees
* "Ischyropsalis pecinifera" Hadzi, 1927 - Yugoslavia
* "Ischyropsalis pestae" Roewer, 1950
* "Ischyropsalis pyrenaea" Simon, 1872 - Pyrenees:* "Ischyropsalis pyrenaea pyrenaea" Simon, 1872:* "Ischyropsalis pyrenaea alpinula" Martens, 1978:* "Ischyropsalis pyrenaea venasquensis" Dresco, 1968
* "Ischyropsalis ravasinii" Hadzi, 1942
* "Ischyropsalis redtenbacheri" Doleschall, 1852 - Dalmatia
* "Ischyropsalis ruffoi" Caporiacco, 1949 - cave in Italy
* "Ischyropsalis strandi" Kratochvíl, 1936 - Italy

Footnotes

References

* Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: [http://insects.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/Acari/Family/Ischyropsalididae.txt Ischyropsalididae]
* (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. "Harvard University Press" ISBN 0-674-02343-9