Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
- Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
Infobox_Disease
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DiseasesDB = 31904
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eMedicineSubj = med
eMedicineTopic = 1353
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Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (also called lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis or LIP) is a syndrome secondary to autoimmune and other lymphoproliferative disorders. Symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia applies to a disorders associated with both, monoclonal or polyclonal gammopathy. [The Pathology of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias Carol Farver, MD]
Symptoms
In patients with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, these patients may present with lymphadenopathy, enlarged liver, enlarged spleen, enlarged salivary gland, thickening and widening of the extremities of the fingers and toes, and breathing symptoms such as shortness or breath and wheezing.
Diagnosis
Arterial blood gases may reveal hypoxemia when tested in a lab. Respiratory alkalosis may also be present. [Teirstein AS, Rosen MJ. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Clin Chest Med 1988;9:467-471] Peripheral lymphocytosis can be observed. [Pitt J. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Pediatr Clin N Am 1991;38:89-95.] A lung biopsy may also be indicated. [Strimlan CV, Rosenow EC, Weiland LH, Brown LR. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Review of 13 cases. Ann Intern Med 1978;88:616-621]
Causes
Possible causes of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia include the Epstein-Barr virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Treatment
Patients presenting with no symptoms, and not affected by the syndrome may not require treatment. However, antibiotics are usually required for bacterial pulmonary infections. Bronchodilators may assist with breathing issues and resolution may occur with the use of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy. However, responses to different treatments are widely varied, and no single first line treatment represents the default treatment for lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. [Teirstein AS, Rosen MJ. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Clin Chest Med 1988;9:467-471]
References
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
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