- San Francisco Zen Center
Infobox Buddhist temple
name = San Francisco Zen Center
img_size =
img_capt =
landscape =
denomination =Soto Zen
founded = 1962
closed =
founder =Shunryu Suzuki
teacher =
director =
roshi =
abbot = Myogen Steve StückyPaul Haller
priest =
rinpoche =
reverend =
address = 300 Page St.,San Francisco, CA 94102
country = flagicon|USAUnited States
phone = (415) 863-3136
website = [http://www.sfzc.org www.sfzc.org]San Francisco Zen Center (SFZC), aka "Zen Center"" or Beginner's Mind Temple, is a network of affiliated
Soto Zen practice and retreat centers in theSan Francisco Bay area, comprised of the city center,Tassajara Zen Mountain Center andGreen Gulch Farm . Thesangha was incorporated byShunryu Suzuki -roshi and a group of his American students in 1962. Today SFZC is the largest Soto organization with a foothold in the West. The center has gained significant media coverage concerning the 1984 resignation of then abbotZentatsu Richard Baker , who was ousted after it was discovered he had been having an affair with the wife of a prominent Zen Center member. Today the center elects abbots democratically so as to avoid the danger of an autocratic leadership taking hold. In addition to their main center located at 300 Page Street, the SFZC also owns and operatesGreen Gulch Farm Zen Center andTassajara Zen Mountain Center .History
On May 23, 1959, Shunryu Suzuki (then age 57) came from
Japan toSan Francisco to serve as head priest of Sokoji—aSoto Zen temple then located at 1881 Bush Street in Japantown. He was later joined by his wife Mitsu (also from Japan) in 1961. Sokoji—founded by Hosen Isobe in 1934—had been housed in a former Jewishsynagogue that is now Kokoro Assisted Living. Upon Suzuki’s arrival at Sokoji, the congregation there was comprised entirely of members from theJapanese-American population. Unlike his predecessors, Suzuki was a fluent speaker of English that actually wanted to come to the United States. Suzuki had arrived at the dawn of thehippie movement of the early 1960s, which San Francisco was then very much a part of. Before long, Sokoji had non-Japanese Americans—comprised mostly ofbeatniks —coming to the temple to sitzazen with him in the morning. Soon these Westerners began to participate in the regular services, and the number of new non-Asian students came to outnumber the Japanese-American congregation. This fluctuation in numbers caused a rift among the Sokoji community, which was only alleviated when Suzuki’s Western students began gathering for separate services there in 1961. Some of these students began calling their group City Center, incorporated in 1962 as the San Francisco Zen Center.Ford, 121-137, 725-726] Japantown Task Force, 100] Clarke, 44-46] Leighton, 208] Prebish, 14-15]In 1967
Kobun Chino Otagowa ofEiheiji came to California to serve as an assistant to Suzuki, with members at Haiku Zendo hopeful that he would become their Abbot. But, that year Zen Center had just launched Tassajara Hot Springs and—since help was desperately needed there—Kobun served as resident teacher at the new monastery until 1970. In 1971 he did become resident priest at Haiku Zen Center, however, and soon after theirsangha grew and changed their name to Bodhi. He served as Abbot there until 1978, moving the group to Jikoji inLos Gatos, California in 1979. [http://www.jikoji.org/kobun.html] [http://www.cuke.com/Cucumber%20Project/suzuki%20stories/haiku1.html] [https://latc.com/2000/10/25/special_sect/yourhome1.print.html]Tassajara Hot Springs ("Zen Mind Temple", "Zenshinji" or "Tassajara Zen Mountain Center"), located in
Los Padres National Forest behindBig Sur , was scouted out byShunryu Suzuki and Richard Baker in 1966 as a site to build amonastery . Zen Center then purchased the land—which contained a rundownresort andmineral springs —that following year. Tassajara was the first Zen Buddhist monastery built in the United States, and the first in the world to admit women among its ranks. It is located atop a bumpy convert|10|mi|km|sing=on road which is difficult for some vehicles to climb; Tassajara offers shuttles to and from the retreat for those inclined to forgo trying to make the trek on their own. Visitors can enjoy the springs, go swimming or onhiking trips, and have the opportunity to arrange for practice with the community living at the monastery for a few days. Themonastery is closed to outsiders from the months of September through April, then opens to the public by reservation from May through August offering retreats, seminars, and workshops. Students that come to practice at the monastery from September through April must undergo the tradition known astangaryo . They will sit for a period of five days or longer in the zendo before they are formally admitted into the monastery—a physically daunting challenge that is difficult for some to make it through.Swan, 184] Owens, 271] Seager, 101-101] Zen With a Difference] The following is an account by author Roberta Swan about adjusting to life at Tassajara, page 184 from her book "Hope and Healing in a Troubled World", "I finally ran out of excuses, and I went to Tassajara. It took about a year for me to arrive there psychologically. I had to cut all of the various attachments that I had with friends. They're still my friends. But to be at Tassajara, I needed to actually let go of the maintenance of those relationships for a while. It took a year for me to do that, to actually be in that valley with those people doing those things that we did."Suzuki was asked to resign as priest at Sokoji in 1969 by the temple's board of directors, who thought he was spending more time with his Western students than the Japanese-American congregation. Months later he—with the help of his American students—purchased the current (and larger) building on Page Street.Johnson, 53-55] From 1969 until his death in 1971, Suzuki had an assistant priest at SFZC named
Dainin Katagiri -roshi. Katagiri had established his ownzendo —theMinnesota Zen Center —in 1972 inMinneapolis . In 1970,Shunryu Suzuki -roshi gaveDharma transmission to Richard Baker. Suzuki died at age 77 in the early morning onDecember 4 ,1971 ofcancer , not long after his famous compilation of works had been published in the best-selling "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind ". A year before his death Suzuki gave teachings on theSandokai , of which he remarked that Soto Zen teachers often give lectures on the Sandokai toward the end of their life; it were as if he knew that his death was imminent. Shortly before dying, he instructed Richard Baker to take over as his successor at SFZC. Suzuki had also been planning to give transmission to Bill Kwong as well at the time, but died before completion.Suzuki, 9]Green Gulch Farm ("Green Dragon Temple", or "Soryuji"), located in
Sausalito, California in avalley on thePacific Ocean , was acquired by SFZC in 1972. The land was purchased from one of the founders ofPolaroid , George Wheelwright. Before dyingShunryu Suzuki had asked Richard Baker to locate afarm in the area for entire families to live a Buddhist life while working together. Despite hesitance on the part of some members of SFZC—because of the sheer size of the place (80+acres )—Baker felt that acquiring Green Gulch Farm was very important for Buddhism in America. Members soon raised funding for azendo to be built there, and over time the farm transformed into amonastery and retreat center for residents and guests with anorganic farm ,flower garden s, ateahouse and aplant nursery .Oda, 13-14] Graham, 5] Richmond, xiii, xiv]The organic farm at Green Gulch supplies local restaurants and food suppliers with their product, and they also sell their flowers, produce and herbs at Ferry Plaza Farmers Market in
San Francisco on Saturdays. Guests stay at the Lindisfarne Guest House, a traditional Japanese building with a wood burning stove as the heating source. Zen practice is not required to stay at Green Gulch, though guests are welcome to participate inzazen or any other activities that they so choose.Tenshin Reb Anderson -roshi is seniorDharma teacher at Green Gulch—former abbot of City Zen Center—training priests,laypeople , leadingsesshin s, giving talks and conducting workshops while also living onsite.Pierce, 375] Joyce] Rose] [http://www.sfzc.org/zc/display.asp?catid=3,76,107&pageid=96]In 1976 Tassajara Bakery—now defunct—was established in
San Francisco by the SFZC when they purchased the old Gallo Pastry Company. It was sold by SFZC to the company Just Desserts in 1992, which then closed the bakery in 1999. Tassajara Bakery was a venture for Zen Center that was entered into by Richard Baker as an extension of the baking practices atTassajara Zen Mountain Center . Tassajara Zen Mountain Center had been making their own breads back in 1967 for their own consumption, and when the Center releasedEdward Espe Brown 's "Tassajara Bread Book", a potential consumer interest was demonstrated. The bakery supplied Greens Restaurant and some local grocers with their breads.Sinton]Greens Restaurant was yet another business venture embarked upon by SFZC under the prodding of Richard Baker, opened in 1979 inFort Mason ofSan Francisco . Servingvegetarian cuisine , the first chefs wereEdward Espe Brown and Deborah Madison. The two published a book of recipes together in 1987 titled "The Greens Cookbook". Throughout the 1980s Greens was one of the most popular restaurants in San Francisco, obtaining their breads from Tassajara Bakery and produce fromGreen Gulch Farm . Two other SFZC business ventures that are now defunct should also be mentioned. The Alaya Stitchery storefront, which madezafu s,zabuton s and clothing, and Green Gulch Grocery which sold produce from Green Gulch Farm.Madden, 173] Sim Van der Ryn, 163] Fields, 268]Problems
Baker resigns
In March of 1983 it became widely known by the
sangha at SFZC thatBaker Roshi was engaged in a sexual relationship with the wife of a close friend of the community. According to author James William Coleman in his book "The New Buddhism: The Western Transformation of an Ancient Tradition" (page 167):Under Baker's stewardship, the Zen Center grew at a frenetic pace. In fifteen years, it went from an annual budget of $6,000 to $4 million. It acquired property worth somewhere around $20 million and built up a network of affiliated businesses staffed by Zen Center students, which included a hip vegetarian restaurant, a bakery, and a grocery store. Although no one ever accused Baker of amassing a personal fortune at Zen Center's expense, he did live a life of comfort and elegance that stood in stark contrast to the austerity expected of his students. His salary was modest, but Baker traveled extensively, entertained visiting dignitaries in high style, and was even provided a luxurious BMW for commuting and chauffeuring around important visitors. As time went on, Baker became less and less available to help students with their spiritual practice, and resentment mounted over what was perceived as his extravagance. The spark that set off the growing discontent was an affair Baker had with the wife of an influential member of the sangha. As the news of his indiscretion spread, the community split into pro- and anti-Baker factions, and reports began to surface about other affairs Baker had had."Coleman, 167-168]
Also, at some point in the 1980s Baker ordained
Issan Dorsey as a priest. This was likely prompted by a conversation betweenRobert Baker Aitken and Baker at San Francisco Zen Center concerning the question of Zen's availability to interestedgay s, for Dorsey went on to become abbot of theHartford Street Zen Center later. [Prebish, 81]At any rate, the "spark" Coleman talks about occurred in March of 1983 at
Tassajara Zen Mountain Center following a weekend Buddhist Peace Conference. Present there were such dignitaries asThich Nhat Hanh ,Jerry Brown ,Robert Baker Aitken andGary Snyder —all of whom had been invited to the event by Baker. The woman in question was the wife of one of Baker's best friends. According to Frederick C. Crew:The married Baker spent most of the weekend in his cabin with the latest of many lovers, and for the first time ever, he was making no effort to keep the relationship a secret." Crew goes on to state, "The shoes outside Baker-roshi's door were those of Anna Hawken, the wife of his best friend Paul Hawken, a wealthy benefactor of Zen Center. And Paul Hawken, amazingly enough, was another stunned guest that weekend. His subsequent threat to hold Zen Center legally accountable for its abbot's misconduct touched off a cataclysm in the Zen community, bringing down Baker-roshi and precipitating an institutional crisis that would finally revolutionize the center's self-image and style of governance."Crews, 283-284]
The affair and subsequent revelations led to community-wide pandemonium, and in 1984 Baker was forced to resign as abbot. It should be noted that the San Francisco Zen Center's website has this to say about Richard Baker: "Although the circumstances leading to his resignation as abbot in 1984 were difficult and complex, in recent years, there has been increased contact; a renewal of friendship and dharma relations." [http://www.sfzc.org/zc/display.asp?catid=1,5&pageid=426] And Baker, for his part, is quoted as having said in a 1994 interview with Sugata Schneider, "I said to a friend recently, 'Looking back, I can see that I was pretty much a complete asshole. Sometimes I think I didn't know what was going on at all.' He said, 'Well, that's not true, but there must be some things you didn't see-but then, how could you see everything?' I said, 'Okay, but still I had deep flaws which made me deeply inconsiderate of others. It wasn't my intention, that I know, but I was unwilling and unable to see my flaws too.'"Schneider]
Following Baker's resignation,
Dainin Katagiri stepped in to lead the community until 1985. When Katagiri left,Tenshin Reb Anderson assumed Abbotship of the Zen Center—serving until 1995. In the early 1990s the Board of Directors at the Zen Center created the "Ethical Principles and Procedures for Grievance and Reconciliation" for its members, geared toward conflict resolution mediation that was guided by theBuddhist precepts . The Board of Directors at SFZC also decided to begin the practice of installing leaders by elective process. In 1995Zoketsu Norman Fischer was installed as Abbot at SFZC, and in 1996Zenkai Blanche Hartman was appointed as co-Abbot with him (becoming the first female Abbot in SFZC history).Seager, 100-101]Tenshin Reb Anderson's arrest
In 1983
Tenshin Reb Anderson had receivedshiho from Zentatsu Richard Baker, becoming Baker's first Dharma heir (though Baker disputes this). From 1986 to 1988 he served as abbot of the San Francisco Zen Center, and from 1988 to 1995 he served there as co-abbot withSojun Mel Weitsman . Anderson became entangled in a strange incident that occurred in 1987 that reached back to 1983—a period just afterZentatsu Richard Baker had resigned as abbot. While jogging throughGolden Gate Park one day, Anderson had deviated from the path to urinate in some bushes. There he found the corpse of a man with a bullet wound to the head and a revolver nearby. Rather than report this to the police, Anderson returned to the body over a period of several days to meditate over the corpse. On one such visit he decided to take the revolver home with him.Being Upright; 187-189] Upon his final visit he found that the body was no longer there, and a fellow priest whom he had confided in showed him a newspaper article covering the apparent suicide. Five years later (in 1988), roughly fifteen months after Anderson had become abbot of theSan Francisco , Anderson was arrested for brandishing this samefirearm in public. He reports that he had been mugged atknifepoint by a man just a block away from the San Francisco Zen Center at 300 Page Street. Anderson remembered stowing the revolver away in the San Francisco Zen Center's garage and quickly retrieved it. He then drove after the alleged mugger and followed him into a housing project with the revolver (unloaded) in hand, being arrested minutes later by a police officer with his own gun pointed at him.Anderson, 187-189]This 1987 incident has had a damaging impact on Anderson's reputation as a teacher, the incident having received local and national media coverage at the time of arrest. The San Francisco Board of Directors sent him on a
leave of absence for six months, and when he came back they appointedMel Weitsman as a co-abbot. Regarding this ordeal, Anderson has written:On both a personal and a professional level, I am still dealing with the consequences of this episode. Some people felt that I had committed an irrevocable betrayal of trust, and have discounted me and my teaching ever since. Others were more forgiving, but their trust in me and my integrity was permanently shaken. Even newer students, who come to Zen Center and find out about these incidents, are sometimes confused and question whether I can be their teacher. These events are a helpful reminder—both to me and to others—of my vulnerability to arrogance and inflation. I see how my empowerment to protect and care for the Triple Treasure inflated my sense of personal authority, and thus detracted from and disparaged the Triple Treasure. This ancient twisted karma I now fully avow."
FZC today
In 2000
Jiko Linda Cutts was appointed Abbess, having receivedDharma transmission fromTenshin Reb Anderson in 1996. In 2003Paul Haller , who had received transmission fromSojun Mel Weitsman in 1993, was installed as co-abbot with her. In 1987 SFZC started the Zen Hospice Project, a volunteerhospice program run out of a guest house on Page Street with five residential beds, as well as a twenty-five bed ward within Laguna Honda Hospital; it is the largest Buddhist hospice center in theUnited States . The volunteer project's founding director was Frank Ostaseski who served until 2000, when he began a training program for SFZC students called the End-of-Life Counselor Training Program. Zen Hospice Project provides hospice care for individuals of any or no religion that are looking for a compassionate end to their life.Dimidjian, 27] Lembke, 126] [http://www.zenhospice.org/2_hospice_services/hospice-services.htm] Today SFZC is the largest Soto organization with a foothold in the West.Friends of SFZC
SFZC is connected, in an unofficial capacity, to the following Zen Centers:
*
Berkeley Zen Center
*Hartford Street Zen Center
* [http://www.kannondo.org/ Kannon Do]
*Sonoma Mountain Zen Center Alumni
ee also
*
Buddhism in America
*Hartford Street Zen Center
*Timeline of Zen Buddhism in the United States
*Bush Street Temple Notes
References
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*cite book| last =Japantown Task Force, Inc.| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =San Francisco's Japantown | publisher =Arcadia Publishing| date =2005| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=073853059X&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 073853059X
*cite book| last =Johnson| first =Fenton| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Keeping Faith: A Skeptic's Journey | publisher =Houghton Mifflin| date =2003| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0618004424&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0618004424
*cite web| last =Joyce| first =Alice| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Zen in bloom| work =| publisher =San Francisco Chronicle | date =2003-07-23 | url =http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/07/23/HO255050.DTL| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2008-01-05
*cite book| last =Leighton| first =Taigen Daniel| authorlink =Taigen Dan Leighton| coauthors =| title =Faces of Compassion: Classic Bodhisattva Archetypes and Their Modern Expression| publisher =Wisdom Publications| date =2003| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0861713338&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0861713338
*cite book| last =Lembke| first =Janet| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =The Quality of Life: Living Well, Dying Well| publisher =Globe Pequot| date =2004| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=1592281281&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 1592281281
*cite book| last =Madden, etta M.| first =Finch, Martha L.| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Eating in Eden: Food and American Utopias| publisher =University of Nebraska Press| date =2006| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0803232519&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0803232519
*cite book| last =Oda| first =Mayumi| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =I Opened the Gate, Laughing: An Inner Journey | publisher =Chronicle Books| date =2002| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0811833860&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0811833860
*cite book| last =Owens, Tom| first =Chatfield, Melanie Bowen| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Insiders' Guide to the Monterey Peninsula | publisher =Globe Pequot| date =2004| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55659020&referer=brief_results| doi =| id = | isbn = 0762729708
*cite book| last =Pierce| first =Pam| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Golden Gate Gardening: Year-Round Food | publisher =Sasquatch Books| date =2002| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=157061136X&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 157061136X
*cite book| last =Prebish| first =Charles S.| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Luminous Passage: The Practice and Study of Buddhism in America| publisher =University of California Press| date =1999| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0520216970&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0520216970
*cite book| last =Rawlinson| first =Andrew| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =The Book of Enlightened Masters| publisher =Open Court| date =1997| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=+0812693108&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0812693108
*cite book| last =Richmond| first =Ivan| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Silence and Noise: Growing Up Zen in America | publisher =Simon and Schuster| date =| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0743417550&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0743417550
*cite web| last =Rose| first =Ted| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Tofu and Zazen by the Sea| work =| publisher =The New York Times | date =2002-09-01 | url =http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE3DE113CF932A3575AC0A9649C8B63| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2008-01-05
*cite web| last =Schneider| first =Sugata| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =The Long Learning Curve: An Interview With Richard Baker Roshi| work =| publisher =| date =Winter 1994| url =http://www.tricycle.com/issues/tricycle/4_2/interview/1803-1.html| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2008-03-01
*cite book| last =Seager| first =Richard Hughes| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Buddhism in America| publisher =Columbia University Press| date =2000| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0231108680&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0231108680
*cite book| last =Sim Van der Ryn| first =| authorlink =Sim Van der Ryn| coauthors =| title =Design for Life: The Architecture of Sim Van Der Ryn| publisher =Gibbs Smith| date =2005| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57311470&referer=brief_results| doi =| id = | isbn = 1586855301
*cite web| last =Sinton| first =Peter| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Staff of Life Not Enough For Tassajara| work =| publisher =San Francisco Chronicle | date =1999-04-10 | url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/04/10/BU97721.DTL&type=travel| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2008-01-05
*cite book| last =Suzuki| first =Shunryu| authorlink =Shunryu Suzuki| coauthors =Michael Wenger| title =Branching Streams Flow in the Darkness: Zen Talks on the Sandokai| publisher =University of California Press| date =1999| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0520219821&=Search&qt=results_page| doi =| id = | isbn = 0520219821
*cite book| last =Swan| first =Roberta| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Hope and Healing in a Troubled World: Stories of Women Faith Leaders| publisher =iUniverse| date =2004| location =| pages =| url =http://books.google.com/books?id=d5HweGR_kc0C&dq=Hope+and+Healing+in+a+Troubled+World+roberta+swan| doi =| id = | isbn = 0595311091
*cite book| last =Wenger| first =Michael| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Wind Bell: Teachings from the San Francisco Zen Center 1968-2001| publisher =North Atlantic Books| date =2001| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=1556433816&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 1556433816
*cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Zen, with a Difference| work =| publisher =Time Magazine | date =1968-10-18| url =http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,902458,00.html| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2008-01-10External links
* [http://www.cuke.com/ David Chadwick's cuke.com]
* [http://www.sfzc.org/ San Francisco Zen Center]
* [http://www.zenhospice.org/ Zen Hospice Project]Further reading
*cite book| last =Chadwick| first =David| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Crooked cucumber : the life and Zen teaching of Shunryu Suzuki| publisher =Broadway Books| date =1999| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0767901045&qt=notfound_page&search=Search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0767901045
*cite book| last =Fields| first =Rick| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =How the Swans Came to the Lake| publisher =Random House| date =1986| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=0394744195&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 0394744195
*cite book| last =Downing| first =Michael| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Shoes Outside the Door: Desire, Devotion, and Excess at San Francisco Zen Center| publisher =Counterpoint| date =2001| location =Washington, D.C.| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46793103&referer=brief_results| doi =| id = | isbn = 1582431132
*cite book| last =Wenger| first =Michael| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Wind Bell: Teachings from the San Francisco Zen Center 1968-2001| publisher =North Atlantic Books| date =2001| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=1556433816&=Search&qt=owc_search| doi =| id = | isbn = 1556433816
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