- Xuantu Commandery
Xuantu Commandery (Chinese:) is one of
Four Commanderies of Han in northeasernChina . It was established in the 4th year of Yuanfeng (元封四年107 BCE ) afterHan Dynasty conqueredWiman Joseon .In the 5th year of
Shiyuan (始元五年,82 BCE ),Han Dynasty changed adninistrative unites of theFour Commanderies of Han , and the government of Xuantu Commandery (Xuantu Jun, 玄菟郡) moved to Gaogouli Prefecture. At the time there were three counties in Xuantu Commandery: Gaogouli (高/Gao means high), Shangyintai (上殷台, 上/Shanghai means upper) and Xigaima (西蓋馬, 西/Xi means west) [《漢書·地理志》：“玄菟郡......, 縣三：高句驪、上殷台、西蓋馬”] .The Book of Han records there holds 45,006 households, with population of 221,845 in Xuantu Commandery. [玄菟郡......, 戶四萬五千六。口二十二萬一千八百四十五。]The administration area gradually shrunk toward the west. The territory on the Blue Sea (
Sea of Japan , a counterpart of theYellow Sea ) was lost by 75 BCE due to the pressure fromDongye and the capital was moved from Woju(沃沮) Prefecture to Xuantu castle in Gaogouli Prefecture (Ji'an, Jilin ) that later became theWandu (丸都城) castle of Goguryeo.Fact|date=September 2008Later Han lost the original territory of Xuantu Corridor and retreated toLiaodong Peninsula by 107 BCE.Goguryeo rose from this region and conquered it in 302 CE.In the second year of Jingchu (景初二年,
238 ),Si Mayi (司馬懿) conqueredGong Sunyuan (公孫淵), and at the time there were four counties in Xuantu Commandery: Gaogouli (高句麗)、Gaoxian(高顯)、Liaoyang(遼陽)、Wangping(望平).References
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