- Jack Curley
Infobox Wrestler
name=Jacques Schuel
img_capt=Publicity still of Jack Curley circa 1910.
names=Jack Curley
height=
weight=
birth_date = birth date|1876|7|4
death_date = death date and age|1937|7|12|1876|7|4
birth_place =San Francisco, California ,United States
death_place =Great Neck, Long Island
resides=
billed=
trainer=
debut= 1907
retired=
website=|Jack Curley (
July 4 ,1876 -July 12 ,1937 ) was perhaps the most important sports promoter of the early 1900’s. He managed several high-profileboxing events around the turn-of-the-century and he also establishedprofessional wrestling as a viable business in the big city, and he eventually built theNew York office into an industry power while negotiating an agreement between the nation’s most powerful regional territories.Early life
Jacques Armand Schuel was born in
San Francisco on July 4, 1876 after his parents fled France following theFranco-Prussian War . Nevertheless, they soon returned toEurope , and young Jacques spent his childhood nearStrassburg andParis before moving back to San Francisco as a teenager. Following school, he worked as a newspaper copy boy, and he then took a job at a saloon owned by ex-prize fighterGeorge La Blanche . At age 16, he ran away from home and changed his name to Jack Curley while taking a job at the World’s Fair in Chicago. He then worked as a reporter for theChicago Dispatch , but soon lost his job and suffered through hunger while looking for work. Then in September 1893, he was hired by promoter/managerP.J. Carroll to run his local gym; and Curley assisted many of the fighters in their training, most notably including World Welterweight ChampionTommy Ryan . By 1896, Curley had accumulated enough contacts within the industry that he moved toSt. Louis and began promoting his ownboxing cards. He eventually returned to Chicago a few years later; and in 1901, he became the city’s correspondent for The Police News, one of the nation’s top fight publications. In the years that followed, he also managed some of the era’s premier boxers, includingGeorge Gardiner ,Jimmy Gardner ,Jim Flynn ,Georges Carpentier , andJess Willard .Professional Wrestling Promoter
On April 26, 1907, Jack Curley promoted his first major wrestling bout between
Frank Gotch andFred Beel . The following year, Gotch defeated Estonian strongmanGeorg Hackenschmidt for the World Heavyweight Title, and pro wrestling subsequently exploded as the nation’s most popular sport. As a result, Curley became the manager for “Doc”Benjamin Roller , one of the era’s premier grapplers; and in 1909, he was named the athletic director for theAlaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition inSeattle , where he emerged victorious in a promotional war againstJoe Carroll . After brokering the legendary July 4, 1910 boxing match between Jack Johnson andJim Jeffries , he then set up a series of wrestling cards in Europe, matching Dr. Roller againstIndia ’sGreat Gama andPoland ’sStanislaus Zbyszko . While in Europe, Curley engaged in feverous negotiations with George Hackenschmidt in an effort to coerce the former champion to return to the U.S. for a big-time rematch against Frank Gotch. Billed as “the Match of the Century,” the bout was promoted as the biggest wrestling event ever seen up to that point. Unbeknownst to the public, Hackenschmidt had suffered a debilitating leg injury in a sparring match with Dr. Roller just days before the event was scheduled to occur. However, Curley expertly hid the information from the fans; and through a splendid marketing campaign, he drew 35,000 fans to Chicago’sComiskey Park on September 4, 1911 (setting an attendance record that stood for the next 23 years), while Gotch easily dispatched Hackenschmidt in two straight falls to retain the title.After promoting the famous Jack Johnson-
Jess Willard title bout on April 5, 1915, Jack Curley gradually found himself squeezed out of the boxing industry byJack Kearns andTex Rickard ; and he thus began to focus most of his energies on pro wrestling. He soon became the manager forWladek Zbyszko (the younger brother ofStanislaus Zbyszko ), and he also guided the likes of “the Terrible Turk”Yussif Hussane and “Americus”Gus Schoenlein . Then on January 27, 1916, he brought new World ChampionJoe Stecher toNew York City for the first time in a publicized encounter against the Masked Marvel (Mort Henderson ); and while pro wrestling had previously floundered in theBig Apple , the bout drew much of New York’s social elite while launching Jack Curley as the city’s dominant power. As a result, Curley soon established himself as the Northeast’s preeminent wrestling matchmaker while promoting the likes ofWladek Zbyszko and his newest ring sensation, "Strangler"Ed Lewis . However, as law enforcement reduced the gambling influence on sporting results, pro wrestling bouts fell into a trend of long, tedious contests that frequently ended in draws or no-decisions. Consequently, Curley revolutionized the industry by placing a greater reliance on one-fall matches in his territory, which subsequently reduced the length of the average matchup and lent to increased fan interest. Then in March of 1918, Curley negotiated the formation of a “Trust” with Midwestern promotersBilly Sandow andTony Stecher that allowed the regions to swap its wrestling talent. Previously, the majority of big matches had been held in rural towns throughout the Midwest, but this agreement proved hugely influential in that it facilitated pro wrestling’s relocation to the urban centers of the East Coast, where matchmakers could promote bigger gates in the cities’ lucrative sports venues.Professional Wrestling's "Trust" Agreement
In subsequent years, Jack Curley promoted a series of championship bouts between
Joe Stecher ,Strangler Lewis ,Wladek Zbyszko , andEarl Caddock ; but Lewis and Sandow would leave the Trust in 1921, as they soon joined up withToots Mondt to form “theGold Dust Trio .” Curley’s NYC promotion then struggled in the mid-1920’s as the Trio drew huge crowds while retaining possession of the title. But on May 30, 1925, Curley joined forces withStanislaus Zbyszko andTony Stecher , as Zbyszko double-crossed the Trio by shooting on their manufactured champion,Wayne Munn , thus returning the World Title to Curley’s group. Moreover, after the Trio split up following a 1928 financial dispute, Curley then formed an alliance withToots Mondt andRay Fabiani , with the New York territory refusing to recognize Lewis’ title claim. Curley next built his company aroundJim Londos , a new star who became the sport’s first major sex symbol during the 1930’s. With Londos as the headline attraction, the New York territory regularly drew crowds of 20,000 even in the midst of theGreat Depression ; but gates quickly plummeted when Londos left the region after a contractual dispute in 1932. Curley then organized a meeting of the nation’s top promoters in November 1933, forming a new Trust agreement withToots Mondt ,Ray Fabiani ,Tom Packs ,Ed White , andPaul Bowser that stipulated that they share profits evenly while extending their collective powers across all of the North America. Although it dissolved in 1936, this new Trust expanded wrestling’s power base from coast to coast, and it is acknowledged by some as a prelude to the creation of theNational Wrestling Alliance in 1948.Death
While wrestling experienced its share of ups and downs, Jack Curley continued to experiment in other sports; and in 1931, he even created the pro tennis tour when he convinced
Bill Tilden to give up his amateur status. However, Curley’s health gradually declined during the late 1930’s, and he died after suffering aheart attack inGreat Neck, Long Island on July 12, 1937. A major contributor toRing Magazine , he was a master of publicity and the foremost leader in establishing New York City as a premier wrestling territory.Championships and accomplishments
*
Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards :*Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 2002)References
* [http://www.otherarena.com/htm/cgi-bin/biography.cgi?jackcurl Biography by wrestling historian Steve Yohe]
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,882764-2,00.html TIME Magazine: Jul. 19, 1937]External links
* [http://www.nyprowrestling.com/ New York Pro Wrestling]
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