- Galaktion Tabidze
Galaktion Tabidze ( _ka. გალაკტიონ ტაბიძე) (
November 17 ,1891 –March 17 ,1959 ) was a leading Georgian poet of the twentieth century whose writings profoundly influenced all subsequent generations of Georgian poets. He survivedStalin 'sGreat Purge of the 1930s, which claimed lives of many of his fellow writers, friends and relatives, but came under heavy pressure from the Soviet authorities. Those tragic years plunged him into depression and alcoholism. He was eventually placed in a psychiatric hospital inTbilisi , where he committed suicide.Biography
Galaktion Tabidze was born in the village Chqvishi near
Vani , western Georgia (then part ofImperial Russia ). His father, a local teacher Vasil Tabidze, died two months before Galaktion was born. From 1900 to 1910, he studied at the seminaries ofKutaisi andTbilisi , and later worked as a teacher. Although his very first book, influenced bySymbolism , garnered acclaim in 1914, he took longer than the other Georgian symbolists from theBlue Horns group to attract recognition. This being due largely to his preference to solitude, he gained a moniker of "Chevalier of the Order of Loneliness" from his cousinTitsian Tabidze .His next poetic collection "Cráne aux fleurs artistiques" (1919) proved his superiority to every other contemporary poet of Georgia and made him an untarnished leader of Georgian poetry for several decades to come. Most of his writings were impregnated with themes of isolation, lovelessness, and nightmarish presentiments, as seen in his masterpieces "Without Love" (1913), "I and the Night" (1913), "Azure Horses" (1915), and "The Wind Blows" (1924).
During the Stalinist repressions of 1937, Tabidze's wife Olga Okudzhava, from the family of
Old Bolsheviks , was arrested and exiled toSiberia where she died in 1944. Galaktion’s cousin and fellow poet, Titsian Tabidze, like many of the poet’s associates, was also arrested and eventually executed. Tabidze himself was interrogated and heavily beaten byLavrentiy Beria . This plunged Galaktion into depression and alcoholism. His long silence and solitude saved him from the purges however; he continued to receive titles and awards, and published new poems, but the poet’s life was completely distorted. Severely ill and depressed, he was eventually placed in the Tbilisi psychiatric hospital where he ended his life, through jumping to his death from the hospital window, on Chavchavadze Avenue in Central Tbilisi, in 1959. He was interred at theMtatsminda Pantheon , his funerals being attended by tens of thousands. In 2000 theChurch of Georgia officially forgave the sin ofsuicide to Galaktion Tabidze. [http://publish.dlf.ge/galaktiontabidze/biografia.htm]Tabidze authored thousands of poems that established him as one of the greatest Georgian poets and had an immense impact on modern Georgian literature. His archive of about 100,000 items in the Literary Museum in Tbilisi still awaits full investigation. He has been translated into Russian, French, English, and German.
References
*
Rayfield, Donald (2000), "", pp. 251-4.Routledge , ISBN 0-7007-1163-5
*Kveselava, M (2002), "Anthology of Georgian Poetry", pp. 153-4. The Minerva Group, Inc., ISBN 0-89875-672-3. (The book includes English translations of Tabidze’s "The Moon Over Mtatsminda" and "Let Banners Wave on High").
*Seymour-Smith, Martin (1985), "The New Guide to Modern World Literature", pp. 1249-50. P. Bedrick Books, ISBN 0872260003.
*Mikaberidze, Alexander (ed., 2007). [http://www.georgianbiography.com/bios/t/tabidze.htm Tabidze, Galaktion] . "Dictionary of Georgian National Biography". Accessed onJuly 4 ,2007 .
*de icon Chotiwari-Jünger, Steffi. "Tabije (Tabidse), Galaktion". Gero von Wilpert: Lexikon der Weltliteratur. Alfred Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 2004.
*de icon Lichtenfeld, Kristiane. Galaktion Tabidse. "Georgica". Bd. 15 (1992), S. 119-126External links
*ge icon [http://publish.dlf.ge/galaktiontabidze/ Website dedicated to Galaktion Tabidze] .
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