Parechovirus

Taxobox
name = "Parechovirus"
virus_group = iv
familia = "Picornaviridae"
genus = "Parechovirus"
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = "Human parechovirus"
"Ljungan virus"

"Parechovirus" is a viral genus in the family "Picornaviridae." The genus is composed of two species: "Human parechovirus" and "Ljungan virus". [cite web | url = http://www.picornaviridae.com/parechovirus/parechovirus.htm | title = Parechovirus | accessdate = 2007-09-03]

Six types of human parechovirus have been identified: human parechovirus 1 (formerly echovirus 22), human parechovirus 2 (formerly echovirus 23), and human parechoviruses 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.cite journal | author = Ito M, Yamashita T, Tsuzuki H, Takeda N and Sakae K | title = Isolation and identification of a novel human parechovirus | journal = J. Gen. Virol. | volume = 85 | issue = 2 | pages = 391–398 | year = 2004 | pmid = 14769896 | doi = 10.1099/vir.0.19456-0] cite journal | author = Al-Sunaidi M, Williams CH, Hughes PJ, Schnurr DP, Stanway G | title = Analysis of a new human parechovirus allows the definition of parechovirus types and the identification of RNA structural domains | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 81 | issue = 2 | pages = 1013–21 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17005640 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.00584-06] [Watanabe K, Oie M, Higuchi M, Nishikawa M, Fujii M. Isolation and characterization of novel human parechovirus from clinical samples. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Jun;13(6):889-95.] Human parechoviruses cause mild, gastrointestinal or respiratory illness, but have been implicated in cases of myocarditis and encephalitis. Human parechoviruses are commonly spread and more than 95% of humans are infected by human parechoviruses early in life, within two to five years of age.cite journal | author = Stanway G, Joki-Korpela P, Hyypiä T | title = Human parechoviruses--biology and clinical significance | journal = Rev. Med. Virol. | volume = 10 | issue = 1 | pages = 57–69 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10654005 | doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1654(200001/02)10:1<57::AID-RMV266>3.0.CO;2-H | doilabel = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1654(200001/02)10:157::AID-RMV2663.0.CO;2-H] cite journal | author = Joki-Korpela P, Hyypiä T | title = Parechoviruses, a novel group of human picornaviruses | journal = Ann. Med. | volume = 33 | issue = 7 | pages = 466–71 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11680794 | doi = 10.3109/07853890109002095]

The Ljungan virus was first isolated from bank voles ("Myodes glareolus", formerly "Clethrionomys glareolus").cite journal | author = Niklasson B, Kinnunen L, Hörnfeldt B, Hörling J, Benemar C, Hedlund KO, Matskova L, Hyypiä T, Winberg G | title = A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) | journal = Virology | volume = 255 | issue = 1 | pages = 86–93 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10049824 | doi = 10.1006/viro.1998.9557] Ljungan virus has been proposed as a zoonotic virus, associated with diabetes and intrauterine fetal death in human.cite journal | author = Niklasson B, Samsioe A, Papadogiannakis N, Kawecki A, Hörnfeldt B, Saade GR, Klitz W | title = Association of zoonotic Ljungan virus with intrauterine fetal deaths | journal = Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol. | volume = 79 | issue = 6 | pages = 488–93 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17335057 | doi = 10.1002/bdra.20359] cite journal | author = Niklasson B, Heller KE, Schonecker B, Bildsoe M, Daniels T, Hampe CS, Widlund P, Simonson WT, Schaefer JB, Rutledge E, Bekris L, Lindberg AM, Johansson S, Örtqvist E, Persson B, Lernmark Å | title = Development of type 1 diabetes in wild bank voles associated with islet autoantibodies and the novel ljungan virus | journal = Int. J. Exp. Diabesity. Res. | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 35–44 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12745669 | doi = 10.1080/15438600303733] However, the data regarding these features is currently limited and needs to be confirmed.

References