Peter Thomas, Baron Thomas of Gwydir

Peter John Mitchell Thomas, Baron Thomas of Gwydir, PC, QC (31 July 1920 – 4 February 2008) was a Welsh Conservative politician. He was the first Welshman to become Chairman of the Conservative Party, serving from 1970 to 1972, and the first Conservative politician to serve as Secretary of State for Wales, holding that office from 1970 to 1974.

Early and family life

Thomas was born in Llanrwst, where his father was a solicitor. [LondonGazette|issue=43834|startpage=11534|date=7 December 1965|accessdate=2008-02-22] He was educated at the village school, and then Epworth College in Rhyl, before reading law at Jesus College, Oxford. He joined the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1939, on the outbreak of the Second World War. He was shot down while serving as a bomber pilot in 1941, and spent four years in prisoner-of-war camps in Germany, moving from Stalag Luft VI to Stalag Luft III and then at Stalag XI-B. [cite book | last = Black |first = Adam | title = Who's Who | publisher = A & C Black | date = 1989 | pages = p. 1769 | isbn = 0-7136-3082-5 ] He continued his legal studies while imprisoned, and was also an amateur actor.

He became a barrister after the war, and was called to the Bar in 1947 at Middle Temple. He practised on the Wales and Chester circuit, and took silk as Queen's Counsel in 1965. [LondonGazette|issue=43636|startpage=4127|date=27 April 1965|accessdate=2008-02-22] He became deputy chairman of Cheshire quarter sessions in 1966, [LondonGazette|issue=44048|startpage=7719|date=8 July 1966|accessdate=2008-02-22] and then of Denbighshire quarter sessions in 1968, [LondonGazette|issue=44646|startpage=8443|date=1 August 1968|accessdate=2008-02-22] serving in both offices until 1970. He was a Crown Court recorder from 1974 [LondonGazette|issue=46430|startpage=12745|date=13 December 1974|accessdate=2008-02-22] to 1988, and also sat as an arbitrator on the Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce in Paris.

He was bilingual in Welsh and English, and took an active part in the Gorsedd, attending Eisteddfodau under the bardic name Pedr Conwy (Welsh: Peter from Conway).

He married Tessa Dean in 1947. She was the daughter of actor and film and theatrical producer Basil Dean and his wife, Lady Mercy Greville. His wife died in 1985, and their two sons pre-deceased him. He was survived by his two daughters.

Political career

Thomas was elected to Parliament as MP for Conway in 1951, [LondonGazette|issue=39372|startpage=5666|date=30 October 1951|accessdate=2008-02-08] winning a narrow majority in the marginal seat over the Labour incumbent. He turned down the position of Under-Secretary of State for Wales at the Home Office to concentrate on his legal career, but later served as Parliamentary private secretary to Sir Harry Hylton-Foster (the Solicitor General and later Speaker) from 1954 to 1959. He was a member of the Council of Europe from 1957 to 1959, and sponsored the private members bill that became the Eisteddfod Act 1959.

He served as Parliamentary Secretary at the Ministry of Labour 1959–61, taking charge of the measures that abolished the requirements for employees to be paid in cash and the maximum wage for professional footballer (£14 per week in November 1960). He moved to become Under-Secretary of State at the Foreign Office in 1961, travelling to Moscow with Lord Home in 1963 to sign the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. He was promoted to Minister of State for Foreign Affairs in 1963, and joined the Privy Council in the Queen's Birthday Honours of 1964, [LondonGazette|issue=43343|startpage=4937|date=5 June 1964|accessdate=2008-02-08] but left office when his party lost the 1964 UK general election. In opposition, he was a spokesman on foreign affairs and then law from 1965–66. Although he had held his Conway seat (and steadily increased his majority) since 1951, [LondonGazette|issue=40493|startpage=3158|date=31 May 1955|accessdate=2008-02-08] [LondonGazette|issue=41842|startpage=6436|date=13 October 1959|accessdate=2008-02-08] [LondonGazette|issue=43468|startpage=8936|date=20 October 1964|accessdate=2008-02-08] he narrowly lost to Labour at the 1966 UK general election, [LondonGazette|issue=43944|startpage=3947|date=5 April 1966|accessdate=2008-02-08] but returned as MP for Hendon South at the general election in June 1970, [LondonGazette|issue=45134|startpage=6947|date=23 June 1970|accessdate=2008-02-08] a position which he held until retiring in 1987. [LondonGazette|issue=46229|startpage=2985|date=7 March 1974|accessdate=2008-02-08] [LondonGazette|issue=46374|startpage=8985|date=15 October 1974|accessdate=2008-02-08] [LondonGazette|issue=47838|startpage=6053|date=10 May 1979|accessdate=2008-02-08] [LondonGazette|issue=49394|startpage=8202|date=21 June 1983|accessdate=2008-02-08]

During the whole of Edward Heath's premiership he held the position of Secretary of State for Wales. He was Secretary of State during a period of violent activism by proponents of the Welsh language, including bombings and a campaign by the Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg (Welsh Language Society) to remove English road signs. In February 1971, paralleling plans to reorganise local government in England, Thomas announced the plans to replace the existing 181 local councils with 7 new county councils counties and 36 district councils. An extra county council was added later, for Cardiff. Thomas also served as Chairman of the Conservative Party between 1970 and 1972.

Thomas remained Welsh spokesman after the Conservative Party lost the general election in February 1974, but left the front bench when Margaret Thatcher became party leader in February 1975. He became active on backbench committees, and was president of the Conservative Friends of Israel. He retired from the House of Commons at the 1987 UK general election, and received a life peerage in the dissolution honours list, [LondonGazette|issue=51014|supp=yes|startpage=1|endpage=2|date=13 October 1987|accessdate=2008-02-22] gazetted as Baron Thomas of Gwydir, of Llanrwst in the County of Gwynedd. [LondonGazette|issue=51090|startpage=12667|date=13 October 1987|accessdate=2008-02-22]

References

* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3320310.ece Obituary, "The Times", 7 February 2008 ]
* [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/news/2008/02/06/db0601.xml Obituary, "The Daily Telegraph", 7 February 2008]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/feb/06/conservatives.uk Obituary, "The Guardian", 6 February 2008]
* [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/lord-thomas-of-gwydir-first-tory-welsh-secretary-779110.html Obituary, "The Independent", 7 February 2008]

Offices held