CHC Theory

CHC Theory

Recent advances in current theory and research on the structure of human cognitive abilities have resulted in a new empirically derived model commonly referred to as the Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory of cognitive abilities (CHC theory). CHC theory of cognitive abilities is an amalgamation of two similar theories about the content and structure of human cognitive abilities. The first of these two theories is Gf-Gc theory (Cattell, 1941; Horn 1965), and the second is Carroll's (1993) Three-Stratum theory.

The CHC model is hierarchical in structure; differentiated by (three) levels of generality and breadth (Gustafsson & Undheim, 1996). At the apex is "g", or general intellectual ability (Stratum III). The second level (Stratum II) comprises 9 to 12 (depending upon researcher/model) broad abilities (e.g. fluid reasoning, comprehension-knowledge, long-term retrieval, short-term memory, auditory processing, processing speed, and quantitative reasoning). At the Stratum I level are narrow abilities that comprise each of the broad Stratum II abilities. For example, fluid reasoning (Broad Stratum II Ability) comprises more narrow abilities such as general sequential reasoning, induction, quantitative reasoning, and speed of reasoning.

Many tests of cognitive ability have been classified using the CHC model and are described in The Intelligence Test Desk Reference (ITDR) (McGrew & Flanagan, 1998). CHC theory is particularly relevant to school psychologists.

ee also

*Raymond Cattell
*John Bissell Carroll
*Fluid and crystallized intelligence for Gf-Gc theory

References

* Carroll, J.B. (1993). "Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies". Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
* Cattell, R. B. (1941). Some theoretical issues in adult intelligence testing. "Psychological Bullentin", 38, 592.
* Gustafsson, J. E., & Undheim, J. O. (1996). Individual differences in cognitive functions. In D.C. Berliner & R. C. Calfee (Eds.), "Handbook of educational psychology" (pp. 186-242). New York: macmillan Library Reference USA.
* Horn, J.L. (1965). Fluid and crystallized intelligence: A factor analytic and developmental study of the structure among primary mental abilities. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois, Champaign.
* McGrew, K. & Flanagan, D. (1998). "The Intelligence Test Desk Reference: Gf-Gc cross-battery assessment". Allyn & Bacon.


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