List of mammals in El Salvador

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in El Salvador. There are 144 mammal species in El Salvador, of which 0 are critically endangered, 1 is endangered, 3 are vulnerable, and 2 are near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

-----The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. There are around 20 extant species.They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.

***Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos)
****Subfamily: Dasypodinae
*****Genus: Dasypus
****** Nine-banded Armadillo "Dasypus novemcinctus" LC
****Subfamily: Tolypeutinae
*****Genus: Cabassous
****** Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo "Cabassous centralis" DD

Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)

-----

The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas.

*Suborder: Vermilingua
***Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters)
****Genus: Tamandua
***** Northern Tamandua "Tamandua mexicana" LC

Order: Primates

-----The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

*Suborder: Haplorrhini
**Infraorder: Simiiformes
***Parvorder: Platyrrhini
*****Family: Atelidae
******Subfamily: Atelinae
*******Genus: Ateles
******** Geoffroy's Spider Monkey "Ateles geoffroyi" LC

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

-----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
***Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
****Subfamily: Erethizontinae
*****Genus: Sphiggurus
****** Mexican Tree Porcupine "Sphiggurus mexicanus" LR/lc
***Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas)
****Genus: Dasyprocta
***** Central American Agouti "Dasyprocta punctata" LR/lc
***Family: Agoutidae
****Genus: Agouti
***** Paca "Agouti paca" LR/lc
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
***Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
****Subfamily: Sciurinae
*****Tribe: Sciurini
******Genus: Sciurus
******* Deppe's Squirrel "Sciurus deppei" LR/lc
******* Variegated Squirrel "Sciurus variegatoides" LR/lc
***Family: Heteromyidae
****Subfamily: Heteromyinae
*****Genus: Heteromys
****** Desmarest's Spiny Pocket Mouse "Heteromys desmarestianus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Liomys
****** Salvin's Spiny Pocket Mouse "Liomys salvini" LR/lc
***Family: Cricetidae
****Subfamily: Tylomyinae
*****Genus: Nyctomys
****** Sumichrast's vesper rat "Nyctomys sumichrasti" LR/lc
*****Genus: Ototylomys
****** Big-eared Climbing Rat "Ototylomys phyllotis" LR/lc
*****Genus: Tylomys
****** Peters's Climbing Rat "Tylomys nudicaudus" LR/lc
****Subfamily: Neotominae
*****Genus: Baiomys
****** Southern Pygmy Mouse "Baiomys musculus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Habromys
****** Crested-tailed Deer Mouse "Habromys lophurus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Neotoma
****** Mexican Woodrat "Neotoma mexicana" LR/lc
*****Genus: Peromyscus
****** Aztec Mouse "Peromyscus aztecus" LR/lc
****** Naked-eared Deer Mouse "Peromyscus gymnotis" LR/lc
****** Nimble-footed Mouse "Peromyscus levipes" LR/lc
****** Stirton's Deer Mouse "Peromyscus stirtoni" LR/lc
*****Genus: Reithrodontomys
****** Fulvous Harvest Mouse "Reithrodontomys fulvescens" LR/lc
****** Slender Harvest Mouse "Reithrodontomys gracilis" LR/lc
****** Mexican Harvest Mouse "Reithrodontomys mexicanus" LR/lc
****** Sumichrast's Harvest Mouse "Reithrodontomys sumichrasti" LR/lc
*****Genus: Scotinomys
****** Alston's Brown Mouse "Scotinomys teguina" LR/lc
****Subfamily: Sigmodontinae
*****Genus: Oligoryzomys
****** Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat "Oligoryzomys fulvescens" LR/lc
*****Genus: Oryzomys
****** Alfaro's Rice Rat "Oryzomys alfaroi" LR/lc
****** Coues' Rice Rat "Oryzomys couesi" LR/lc
****** Long-nosed Rice Rat "Oryzomys rostratus" LR/lc
****** Cloud Forest Rice Rat "Oryzomys saturatior" LR/lc
*****Genus: Rheomys
****** Thomas's Water Mouse "Rheomys thomasi" LR/lc
*****Genus: Sigmodon
****** Hispid Cotton Rat "Sigmodon hispidus" LR/lc

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

-----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

**Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
***Genus: Sylvilagus
**** Tapeti "Sylvilagus brasiliensis" LR/lc
**** Eastern Cottontail "Sylvilagus floridanus" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

-----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

**Family: Soricidae (shrews)
***Subfamily: Soricinae
****Tribe: Blarinini
*****Genus: Cryptotis
****** Goodwin's Small-eared Shrew "Cryptotis goodwini" LR/lc
****** Honduran Small-eared Shrew "Cryptotis hondurensis" VU
****** Blackish Small-eared Shrew "Cryptotis nigrescens" LR/lc
****** North American Least Shrew "Cryptotis parva" LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

-----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

**Family: Noctilionidae
***Genus: Noctilio
**** Lesser Bulldog Bat "Noctilio albiventris" LR/lc
**** Greater Bulldog Bat "Noctilio leporinus" LR/lc
**Family: Vespertilionidae
***Subfamily: Myotinae
****Genus: Myotis
***** Elegant Myotis "Myotis elegans" LR/nt
***** Hairy-legged Myotis "Myotis keaysi" LR/lc
***** Black Myotis "Myotis nigricans" LR/lc
***** Cave Myotis "Myotis velifer" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
****Genus: Eptesicus
***** Brazilian Brown Bat "Eptesicus brasiliensis" LR/lc
***** Big brown bat "Eptesicus fuscus" LR/lc
****Genus: Lasiurus
***** Desert red bat "Lasiurus blossevillii" LR/lc
***** Southern Yellow Bat "Lasiurus ega" LR/lc
***** Northern Yellow Bat "Lasiurus intermedius" LR/lc
****Genus: Rhogeessa
***** Black-winged Little Yellow Bat "Rhogeessa tumida" LR/lc
**Family: Molossidae
***Genus: Eumops
**** Black Bonneted Bat "Eumops auripendulus" LR/lc
**** Dwarf Bonneted Bat "Eumops bonariensis" LR/lc
**** Underwood's Bonneted Bat "Eumops underwoodi" LR/nt
***Genus: Molossus
**** Black Mastiff Bat "Molossus ater" LR/lc
**** "Molossus coibensis" LR/nt
**** Velvety Free-tailed Bat "Molossus molossus" LR/lc
**** Sinaloan Mastiff Bat "Molossus sinaloae" LR/lc
***Genus: Nyctinomops
**** Broad-eared Bat "Nyctinomops laticaudatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Tadarida
**** Mexican Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida brasiliensis" LR/nt
**Family: Emballonuridae
***Genus: Balantiopteryx
**** Gray Sac-winged Bat "Balantiopteryx plicata" LR/lc
***Genus: Diclidurus
**** Northern Ghost Bat "Diclidurus albus" LR/lc
***Genus: Peropteryx
**** Greater Dog-like Bat "Peropteryx kappleri" LR/lc
**** Lesser Doglike Bat "Peropteryx macrotis" LR/lc
***Genus: Rhynchonycteris
**** Proboscis Bat "Rhynchonycteris naso" LR/lc
***Genus: Saccopteryx
**** Greater Sac-winged Bat "Saccopteryx bilineata" LR/lc
**** Lesser Sac-winged Bat "Saccopteryx leptura" LR/lc
**Family: Mormoopidae
***Genus: Mormoops
**** Ghost-faced Bat "Mormoops megalophylla" LR/lc
***Genus: Pteronotus
**** Naked-backed Bat "Pteronotus davyi" LR/lc
**** Big Naked-backed Bat "Pteronotus gymnonotus" LR/lc
**** Parnell's Mustached Bat "Pteronotus parnellii" LR/lc
**** Wagner's Mustached Bat "Pteronotus personatus" LR/lc
**Family: Phyllostomidae
***Subfamily: Phyllostominae
****Genus: Chrotopterus
***** Big-eared Wooly Bat "Chrotopterus auritus" LR/lc
****Genus: Lonchorhina
***** Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat "Lonchorhina aurita" LR/lc
****Genus: Macrophyllum
***** Long-legged Bat "Macrophyllum macrophyllum" LR/lc
****Genus: Micronycteris
***** Schmidts's Big-eared Bat "Micronycteris schmidtorum" LR/lc
****Genus: Phyllostomus
***** Pale Spear-nosed Bat "Phyllostomus discolor" LR/lc
****Genus: Trachops
***** Fringe-lipped Bat "Trachops cirrhosus" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Glossophaginae
****Genus: Anoura
***** Geoffroy's Tailless Bat "Anoura geoffroyi" LR/lc
****Genus: Choeroniscus
***** Godman's Long-tailed Bat "Choeroniscus godmani" LR/nt
****Genus: Choeronycteris
***** Mexican Long-tongued Bat "Choeronycteris mexicana" LR/nt
****Genus: Glossophaga
***** Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat "Glossophaga commissarisi" LR/lc
***** Gray Long-tongued Bat "Glossophaga leachii" LR/lc
***** Pallas's Long-tongued Bat "Glossophaga soricina" LR/lc
****Genus: Leptonycteris
***** Southern Long-nosed Bat "Leptonycteris curasoae" VU
***Subfamily: Carolliinae
****Genus: Carollia
***** Silky Short-tailed Bat "Carollia brevicauda" LR/lc
***** Seba's Short-tailed Bat "Carollia perspicillata" LR/lc
***** Gray Short-tailed Bat "Carollia subrufa" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
****Genus: Artibeus
***** Aztec Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus aztecus" LR/lc
***** "Artibeus incomitatus" DD
***** Honduran Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus inopinatus" VU
***** "Artibeus intermedius" LR/lc
***** Jamaican fruit bat "Artibeus jamaicensis" LR/lc
***** Great Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus lituratus" LR/lc
***** Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus phaeotis" LR/lc
***** Toltec Fruit-eating Bat "Artibeus toltecus" LR/lc
****Genus: Centurio
***** Wrinkle-faced Bat "Centurio senex" LR/lc
****Genus: Chiroderma
***** Salvin's Big-eyed Bat "Chiroderma salvini" LR/lc
***** Hairy Big-eyed Bat "Chiroderma villosum" LR/lc
****Genus: Enchisthenes
***** Velvety Fruit-eating Bat "Enchisthenes hartii" LR/lc
****Genus: Sturnira
***** Little Yellow-shouldered Bat "Sturnira lilium" LR/lc
***** Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat "Sturnira ludovici" LR/lc
****Genus: Uroderma
***** Tent-making Bat "Uroderma bilobatum" LR/lc
***** Brown Tent-making Bat "Uroderma magnirostrum" LR/lc
****Genus: Vampyressa
***** Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat "Vampyressa pusilla" LR/lc
****Genus: Vampyrodes
***** Great Stripe-faced Bat "Vampyrodes caraccioli" LR/lc
****Genus: Platyrrhinus
***** Heller's Broad-nosed Bat "Platyrrhinus helleri" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Desmodontinae
****Genus: Desmodus
***** Common Vampire Bat "Desmodus rotundus" LR/lc
****Genus: Diaemus
***** White-winged Vampire Bat "Diaemus youngi" LR/lc
****Genus: Diphylla
***** Hairy-legged Vampire Bat "Diphylla ecaudata" LR/nt
**Family: Natalidae
***Genus: Natalus
**** Mexican Funnel-eared Bat "Natalus stramineus" LR/lc

Order: Cetacea (whales)

-----The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Ziphidae
****Subfamily: Hyperoodontidae
*****Genus: Mesoplodon
****** Pygmy Beaked Whale "Mesoplodon peruvianus" DD
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: Steno
***** Rough-toothed Dolphin "Steno bredanensis" DD
****Genus: Delphinus
***** Common dolphin "Delphinus delphis" LR/lc
****Genus: Lagenodelphis
***** Fraser's Dolphin "Lagenodelphis hosei" DD
****Genus: Feresa
***** Pygmy Killer Whale "Feresa attenuata" DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

-----The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Leopardus
***** Ocelot "Leopardus pardalis" LC
***** Margay "Leopardus wiedii" LC
****Genus: Puma
***** Jaguarundi "Puma yaguarondi" LC
***** Cougar "Puma concolor" NT
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: Panthera
***** Jaguar "Panthera onca" NT
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Urocyon
**** Gray Fox "Urocyon cinereoargenteus" LC
***Genus: Canis
**** Coyote "Canis latrans" LC
**Family: Procyonidae (raccoons)
***Genus: Bassariscus
**** Cacomistle "Bassariscus sumichrasti" LR/nt
***Genus: Procyon
**** Common Raccoon "Procyon lotor" LR/lc
***Genus: Nasua
**** White-nosed Coati "Nasua narica" LR/lc
***Genus: Potos
**** Kinkajou "Potos flavus" LR/lc
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Mustela
**** Long-tailed Weasel "Mustela frenata" LR/lc
***Genus: Eira
**** Tayra "Eira barbara" LR/lc
***Genus: Galictis
**** Greater grison "Galictis vittata" LR/lc
***Genus: Lontra
**** Neotropical River Otter "Lontra longicaudis" DD
**Family: Mephitidae
***Genus: Spilogale
**** Eastern Spotted Skunk "Spilogale putorius" LR/lc
***Genus: Mephitis
**** Hooded Skunk "Mephitis macroura" LR/lc
***Genus: Conepatus
**** Western Hog-nosed Skunk "Conepatus mesoleucus" LR/lc

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

-----The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

*Family: Tapiridae (tapirs)
**Genus: Tapirus
*** Baird's Tapir "Tapirus bairdii" EN

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

-----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
**Genus: Tayassu
*** Collared Peccary "Tayassu tajacu" LR/lc
*** White-lipped Peccary "Tayassu pecari" LR/lc
*Family: Cervidae (deer)
**Subfamily: Capreolinae
***Genus: Mazama
**** Red Brocket "Mazama americana" DD
***Genus: Odocoileus
**** White-tailed deer "Odocoileus virginianus" LR/lc

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)

-----Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene.They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.

*Family: Didelphidae (American opossums)
**Subfamily: Didelphinae
***Genus: Chironectes
**** Water Opossum "Chironectes minimus" LR/nt
***Genus: Didelphis
**** Common Opossum "Didelphis marsupialis" LR/lc
**** Virginia Opossum "Didelphis virginiana" LR/lc
***Genus: Marmosa
**** Mexican Mouse Opossum "Marmosa mexicana" LR/lc
***Genus: Philander
**** Gray Four-eyed Opossum "Philander opossum" LR/lc

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=SV&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of El Salvador
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species