- Kaō (era)
. [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). "Annales des empereurs du japon," pp. 195-200; Brown, Delmer "et al." (1979). "Gukanshō," pp. 330-333; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). "Jinnō Shōtōki." pp. 212-214.]
Change of era
*;
1169 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in "Nin'an" 4, on the 8th day of the 4th month of 1169. [Brown, p. 332.]Events of the "Kaō" era
* "Kaō 1", in the 3rd month (
1169 ): The former-Emperor Go-Shirakawa made a pilgrimage to Mont Koya.Titsingh, p. 196.]
* "Kaō 1", in the 6th month (1169 ): Go-Shirakawa accepted tonsure as a Buddhist priest; and he took the title "Hōō." [see above] ]
* "Kaō 1", in the 12th month (1169 ): The "chūnagon" Fujiwara no Nurisika was banished to Bingo province as a consequence of complaints of Buddhist priests from Mt. Hiei; but shortly thereafter, he was recalled to Heian-kyō because of past services to Emperor Go-Shirakawa. [see above] ]References
* Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [
Jien , c. 1220] , "Gukanshō ; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida." Berkeley:University of California Press . ISBN 0-520-03460-0
* Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō , 1652] , "Nipon o daï itsi ran ; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth." Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)]
* Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [Kitabatake Chikafusa , 1359] , "Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley)." New York:Columbia University Press . ISBN 0-231-04940-4External links
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
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