Alabama Theatre

Infobox_nrhp
name = Alabama Theatre


caption = Interior of the Alabama Theatre in 1996 (Historic American Buildings Survey)
location = Birmingham, Alabama
lat_degrees =
lat_minutes =
lat_seconds =
lat_direction = N
long_degrees =
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long_seconds =
long_direction = W
area =
built = 1927
architect =
architecture = Mission
added = November 13, 1979
refnum = 79000386cite web|url=http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/AL/Jefferson/state.html|title=National Register of Historical Places - Alabama (AL), Jefferson County|date=2007-03-02|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service]
visitation_num =
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governing_body = Private

The Alabama Theatre in Birmingham, Alabama, is a movie palace built in 1927 by the Paramount-Publix Corporation. Seating about 2500 people at the time, it was one of the larger movie theatres built in Birmingham and is the only one remaining of its size from that era. It was the first public building in Alabama to have air conditioning (Whitmire & Hanks 2002). Originally constructed to show silent films, the Alabama features a Wurlitzer theatre organ. In 1979, the Alabama was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Today the Alabama is operated by Birmingham Landmarks, Inc., a non-profit corporation. The Alabama hosts numerous live shows and classic movie showings throughout the year.

History

Construction plans for the Alabama were announced in 1926, but ground breaking was delayed until April 1, 1927. The grand opening was held as originally scheduled on December 26, 1927. Construction of the concrete and steel building cost approximately $1.5 million.

In 1934, the Loveman's department store next door burned to the ground. Thanks to a thick firewall on that side of the Alabama, the theatre was unharmed aside from some smoke damage around air vents in the auditorium. These smoke stains would remain until the 1998 theatre restoration.

One of the things the Alabama was known for in its early days was its Mickey Mouse Club, which was formed in 1933. Meetings were held every Saturday, where the children would perform for each other, watch Mickey Mouse cartoons, and participate in other activities. The Club also sponsored food and toy drives for the underprivileged. By 1935, the Club had over 7000 members, making it the biggest Mickey Mouse Club in the world. Membership eventually peaked at over 18,000 before the Club closed almost ten years after it was formed.

Another regular event at the Alabama was the Miss Alabama Pageant. From 1935 to 1948, the rules of the Miss America Pageant allowed multiple contestants per state. The Alabama Theater hosted the Miss Birmingham Pageant in those years. When the rules were changed in 1949, the Alabama became host to the Miss Alabama Pageant and continued to do so through 1966.

The decline of downtown Birmingham through the 1960s and 1970's saw the closing of most of the downtown's movie theatres. In 1981, Plitt Theatres of Chicago closed the Alabama and sold it to Cobb Theaters of Birmingham. Cobb attempted to reopen the Alabama several times, but was unsuccessful. Cobb eventually sold the Alabama to Costa and Head, developers working to revitalize the downtown area. Costa and Head initiated series of classic movies at the Alabama with some success, but ultimately filed for bankruptcy in 1986.

The Alabama Chapter of the American Theater Organ Society (ATOS) had been maintaining the Alabama's organ starting in the 1970s. They sought permission to remove the organ from the Alabama to save it, but Costa and Head's creditors deemed it the single most valuable item in the building and forbade its removal. In response the Alabama Chapter of ATOS began a fund-raising effort to buy the Alabama. The effort was successful and in 1987 Birmingham Landmarks, Inc. was formed to buy and manage the Alabama. With the purchase, the theatre was renamed the Alabama Theater for the Performing Arts.

In 1993 the Alabama Theater was designated the official state historic theatre of Alabama. [ [http://www.archives.state.al.us/kids_emblems/st_theat.html Alabama Historic Theater ] ] In 1998, the Alabama underwent a complete restoration in which gold leaf and other paint was cleaned or replaced, seats were replaced or recovered, and some carpet and drapes were replaced.

Birmingham Landmarks continues to operate the Alabama today. It has also purchased the Lyric Theater, a 1914 vaudeville theatre located across the street from the Alabama.

Theatre Organ

When the Alabama Theater was built in 1927, films were silent and required a musical accompaniment. This was typically provided by an orchestra or theatre pipe organ. The Alabama's organ is a Crawford Special-Publix One Mighty Wurlitzer. Only 25 of this model of organ were built and the Alabama's is one of only three still installed in their original sites.

Nicknamed Big Bertha, the Alabama's organ is a four-manual (keyboard) organ. It was originally installed with 20 ranks (sets of pipes), but has been expanded to 29. It also features numerous percussion instruments and sound effects to accompany silent movies.

References

*Whitmire, Cecil and Jeannie Hanks. "The Alabama Theater: Showplace of the South", Birmingham Landmarks, 2002. ISBN 0-9703157-2-4

External links

* [http://www.alabamatheatre.com Alabama Theatre] website
* [http://bplonline.cdmhost.com/cdm4/results.php?CISORESTMP=/cdm4/results.php&CISOVIEWTMP=/cdm4/item_viewer.php&CISOMODE=grid&CISOGRID=thumbnail,A,1;title,A,1;subjec,A,0;descri,200,0;none,A,0;20;title,none,none,none,none&CISOBIB=title,A,1,N;subjec,A,0,N;descri,200,0,N;none,A,0,N;none,A,0,N;20;title,none,none,none,none&CISOTHUMB=20%20(4x5);title,none,none,none,none&CISOTITLE=20;title,none,none,none,none&CISOHIERA=20;subjec,title,none,none,none&CISOTYPE=link&CISOOP1=exact&CISOFIELD1=title&CISOBOX1=&CISOOP2=exact&CISOFIELD2=subjec&CISOBOX2=Alabama+theatre+birmingham+ala.&CISOOP3=adv&CISOFIELD3=descri&CISOBOX3=&CISOOP4=exact&CISOFIELD4=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOBOX4=&c=exact&CISOROOT=all Alabama Theatre photographs and clippings] at the Birmingham Public Library archives.
* [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?hh:1:./temp/~pp_JzcI:: Alabama Theatre photographs and drawings] at the Historic American Buildings Survey.