Transforming growth factor
- Transforming growth factor
Transforming growth factor (sometimes referred to as Tumor growth factor, or TGF) is used to describe two classes of polypeptide growth factors, TGFα and TGFβ.
The name "Transforming Growth Factor" is somewhat arbitrary, since the two classes of TGFs are not structurally or genetically related to one another, and they act through different receptor mechanisms. Furthermore, they do not always induce cellular transformation, and are not the only growth factors that induce cellular transformation.
Types
* TGFα is upregulated in some human cancers. It is produced in macrophages, brain cells, and keratinocytes, and induces epithelial development.
* TGFβ exists in three known subtypes in humans, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and TGFβ3. These are upregulated in marfans syndrome [http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2008/625/3?etoc] and some human cancers, and play crucial roles in tissue regeneration, cell differentiation, embryonic development, and regulation of the immune system. Isoforms of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) are also thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. TGFβ receptors are single pass serine/threonine kinase receptors.
Function
These proteins were originally characterized by their capacity to induce oncogenic transformation in a specific cell culture system, rat kidney fibroblasts. Application of the transforming growth factors to normal rat kidney fibroblasts induces the cultured cells to proliferate and overgrow, no longer subject to the normal inhibition caused by contact between cells.
ee also
* Bone morphogenetic protein
*TGF beta signaling pathway
External links
* [http://www.cytok.com/showpopterms.php?search=TGF Tumor growth factor (TGF) citations]
* [http://www.ihop-net.org/UniPub/iHOP/gs/125537.html "Hoffmann, R., Valencia, A. A gene network for navigating the literature. Nature Genetics 36, 664 (2004)]
*
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Transforming Growth Factor — Le TGF ou Transforming growth factor est une cytokine polypeptidique qui est classé en deux groupes : le TGFα, produit par les macrophages, les neurones et les kératinocytes, est un facteur de développement cellulaire et le TGFβ qui agit… … Wikipédia en Français
transforming growth factor — n any of a group of polypeptides that are secreted by a variety of cells (as monocytes, T cells, or blood platelets) and have diverse effects (as inducing angiogenesis, stimulating fibroblast proliferation, or inhibiting T cell proliferation) on… … Medical dictionary
Transforming growth factor — Der Transforming Growth Factor (Abk. TGF, deut. Transformierender Wachstumsfaktor) gehört zu den Zytokinen zählenden Signalmolekülen. Sie sind namensgebend für die TGF Signalwege. TGF spielen eine sehr wichtige Rolle bei der embryonalen… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Transforming Growth Factor — Der Transforming Growth Factor (Abk. TGF, deut. Transformierender Wachstumsfaktor) gehört zu den Zytokinen zählenden Signalmolekülen. Sie sind namensgebend für die TGF Signalwege. TGF spielen eine sehr wichtige Rolle bei der embryonalen… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Transforming growth factor — Le TGF ou transforming growth factor est une cytokine polypeptidique qui est classé en deux groupes : le TGFα, produit par les macrophages, les neurones et les kératinocytes, est un facteur de développement cellulaire et le TGFβ qui agit… … Wikipédia en Français
Transforming growth factor, beta 3 — Transforming growth factor, beta 3, also known as TGFB3, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TGFB3 transforming growth factor, beta 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene Cmd=ShowDetailView TermToSearch=7043|… … Wikipedia
Transforming growth factor beta superfamily — Pfam box Symbol = TGF beta Name = Transforming growth factor beta like domain width = caption = Pfam= PF00019 InterPro= IPR001839 SMART= PROSITE= PDOC00223 SCOP = 1tfg TCDB = OPM family= OPM protein= PDB=PDB3|1ktzA:312 412 PDB3|1tgjA:312 412… … Wikipedia
transforming growth factor — Proteins secreted by transformed cells that can stimulate growth of normal cells. Unfortunate misnomer, since they induce aspects of transformed phenotype, such as growth in semi solid agar, but do not actually transform. TGF a, a 50 amino acid… … Dictionary of molecular biology
transforming growth factor — noun : any of a group of polypeptides that are secreted by a variety of cells (as monocytes, T cells, or blood platelets) and have diverse effects (as inducing angiogenesis, stimulating fibroblast proliferation, or inhibiting T cell… … Useful english dictionary
Growth factor — Dieser Artikel behandelt Wachstumsfaktor als Begriff aus der Biologie. Das Wort wird außerdem verwendet bei der mathematischen Untersuchung von Wachstumsprozessen (siehe Wachstumsfaktor (Mathematik)) Als Wachstumsfaktoren werden Proteine… … Deutsch Wikipedia
