Acerbo Law

Acerbo Law

The Acerbo Law was a Italian electoral law proposed by Baron Giacomo Acerbo and forced through the Italian Parliament in 1923. It was conceived to give fascism a grip on Italian politics.

Terms of the Law

The Acerbo Law stated that the party gaining the "largest share" of the votesndash provided they had gained at least 25 percent of the votesndash gained "two-thirds of the seats" in parliament. The remaining third was shared amongst the other parties proportionally. [cite paper
author = Boffa, Federico | title = Italy and the Antitrust Law: an Efficient Delay? | date = 2004-02-01 | url = http://129.3.20.41/eps/eh/papers/0402/0402001.pdf
format = PDF | accessdate = 2008-10-05
]

Impact

The Law gave the National Fascist Party and its leader Benito Mussolini a major advantage during the 1924 election. The Fascists gained over 66% of the vote and thereby were given two-thirds of the seats in parliament. This allowed Mussolini to create a dictatorship. [cite book | last = DeGrand | first = Alexander | authorlink = | title = Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany | publisher = Routledge | date = 1995 | location = New York, New York | pages = 26 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=9QVL9LcEfjUC&pg=PA26&lpg=PA26&dq=Acerbo+Law&source=web&ots=vlowX_Rtbf&sig=agUQBK3IpC0Bk-mMmLPnBY1pvzw&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result | isbn = 0-415-10598-6 ]

Socialists rejection

The Italian Socialist Party would not recognize this law and did not participate in the governmentndash which arguably gave the Fascists even more room for manoeuvre. Its action became known as the Aventine Secession.

Subsequently, socialist leaders such as Giacomo Matteotti were assassinated by Fascist agents, including Amerigo Dumini.

References


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