Jamal Ahmed al-Fadl

Jamal Ahmed al-Fadl ( _ar. جمال أحمد الفضل) (born 1963-) was a Sudanese militant and former associate of Osama bin Laden in the early 1990s. Al-Fadl was recruited for the Afghan war through the Farouq mosque in Brooklyn. In 1988, he joined al Qaeda and took an oath of fealty to Bin Laden. After a dispute with Bin Laden, al-Fadl defected and became an informant to the United States government on al Qaeda activities.

Al Qaeda

Al-Fadl was recruited to the Afghan mujahideen "through the Farouq mosque in Brooklyn" (presumably when he was in the U.S. in the mid 1980s), and he became a "senior employee" of al-Qaeda.

Fadl became a business agent for al Qaeda but resented receiving a salary of only $500 a month while some of the Egyptians in al Qaeda were given $1,200 a month. Osama bin Laden discovered that Fadl had skimmed about $110,000 and asked for restitution. Fadl then defected and became a star informant for the United States.cite web | url=http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf | title=9-11 Commission Report | pages=p. 79 | publisher=9-11 Commission | date=2003 | accessdate=2008-01-19 ]

Defection

After embezzling $110,000 from the organization, al-Fadl "defected". He contacted the CIA via the United States's Eritrean embassy and, receiving encouragement from FBI special agents Jack Cloonan and Dan Coleman (who were "seconded" to the CIA's Bin Laden unit), he returned (after staying in Germany for a while) to the United States, in spring 1996.

For the next three years Cloonan and his colleagues oversaw al-Fadl in a safehouse. From December 1996 Al-Fadl began to provide "a major breakthrough of intelligence on the creation, character, direction, and intentions of al Qaeda"; "bin Laden, the CIA now learned, had planned multiple terrorist operations and aspired to more" — including the acquisition of weapons-grade uranium. Al-Fadl, who had "passed the polygraph tests he was given", became a key witness in the US v. bin Laden trial that began in February 2001. [Andrew Marshall, " [http://us.geocities.com/libertystrikesback/blowback.html Terror 'blowback' burns CIA ...] ", "Independent on Sunday", Nov. 1, 1998 (copy); "9/11 Commission Report", [http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch2.htm chapter 2] , pp.58-9, 62; ibid, [http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch4.pdf chapter 4] , pp.109, 118 ( [http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch4.htm HTML version] ); ibid, [http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch11.pdf chapter 11] , pp.341-2 ( [http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch11.htm HTML version] ); Coll, "Ghost Wars", pp.155, 336, 367, 474; [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline//////torture/interviews/cloonan.html Jack Cloonan interview] , PBS, July 13, 2005; [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/torture/interviews/scheuer.html Michael Scheuer interview] , PBS, July 21, 2005; Jane Mayer, " [http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060911fa_fact Junior: The clandestine life of America's top Al Qaeda source] ", "The New Yorker", Sept. 4, 2006 (issue of Sept. 11, 2006).]

al Fadl testifies in court

Al Fadl testified in a trial United States v. Usama bin Laden, No. S(7) 98 Cr. 1023 (S.D. N.Y.), Feb. 6, 2001 (transcript pp. 218-219, 233); Feb. 13, 2001 (transcript pp. 514-516); Feb. 20, 2001 (transcript p.890).

In January 2001, the trial began in New York of four men accused of the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings in east Africa . The U.S also wanted to prosecute Osama bin Laden in his absence under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO). To be able to do this under American law, the prosecutors needed evidence of a criminal organization, which would then allow them to prosecute the leader, even if he could not be linked directly to the crime.

Jamal al-Fadl was taken on as a key prosecution witness, who along with a number of other sources claimed that Osama bin Laden was the leader of a large international terrorist organization which was called "al-Qaeda".

al Fadl's debriefing

The "New York Times" profiled al Fadl on December 9 2007.cite news
url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/09/nyregion/09qaeda.html?_r=1&oref=slogin&fta=y&pagewanted=all
title=How to Keep an Ex-Terrorist Talking
publisher=New York Times
author=Benjamin Weiser
date=December 9, 2007
accessdate=2008-01-19]
Patrick J. Fitzgerald, who would later become well-known for serving as the Special Prosecutor who investigate the Bush Presidency's leak of the identity of CIA agent Valerie Plame, played a lead role in debriefing al Fadl.The transcripts from his debriefing ran to 900 pages. According to the "New York Times": quotation|"The transcripts themselves emerged from a messy process: The videotapes they detail were made by mistake, from 2000 to 2002, by federal marshals who had set up the videophone hookup so prosecutors in New York could keep in close touch with Mr. Fadl. Prosecutors and the F.B.I. had not authorized the taping, and when prosecutors learned of it in 2002 they were shocked, knowing they would have to share the tapes with defense lawyers who were appealing the embassy bombings verdict."

The "New York Times" review of the transcripts described al Fadl's anxieties over testifying, the emotional difficulties enforced idleness caused, and the motional difficulties his entire family faced due to isolation and culture shock. The article describes his wife, who didn't speak English, demanding he refuse to testify, and demanding to leave him and return to Sudan.

References

See also

*Bin Laden Issue Station - the CIA's bin Laden tracking unit, 1996-2005
*The Power of Nightmares; BBC Documentary
*Fatāwā of Osama bin Laden

External links

* [http://www.9-11commission.gov/ "http://www.9-11commission.gov/"]
* [http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf "The 9/11 Commission Report"]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline//////torture/interviews/cloonan.html "Interview: Jack Cloonan", PBS, Oct. 18, 2005 (detailed account of Al-Fadl by his "minder" in the US)]
* [http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060911fa_fact In-depth profile by the New Yorker, September 2006]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/terrorism/story/0,12780,1327904,00.html The Making of the Terror Myth] - The Guardian, October 15, 2004

Copies of al-Fadl's testimony in USA v. Osama bin Ladin et al. at the Monterey Institute of International Studies:
* [http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/reports/pdfs/binladen/060201.pdf 6 February 2001]
* [http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/reports/pdfs/binladen/070201.pdf 7 February 2001] , includes al-Fadl's testimony on why he defected
* [http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/reports/pdfs/binladen/130201.pdf 13 February 2001]

Persondata
NAME=Al-Fadl, Jamal Ahmed
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=Former Al-Qaeda member
DATE OF BIRTH=1963
PLACE OF BIRTH=Ruffa, Sudan
DATE OF DEATH=
PLACE OF DEATH=