Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo

Infobox Film
name = Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo

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caption = Original film poster
director = Mervyn LeRoy
producer = Sam Zimbalist
writer = Dalton Trumbo
Book:
Ted W. Lawson
Robert Considine
starring = Van Johnson
Robert Walker
Robert Mitchum
Spencer Tracy
Phyllis Thaxter
Stephen McNally
music = Herbert Stothart
cinematography = Robert Surtees, ASC
Harold Rosson, ASC
editing = Frank Sullivan
distributor = Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
released = flagicon|USA 15 November 1944
runtime = 138 min
country = USA
awards =
language = English
budget =
preceded_by =
followed_by =
amg_id =
imdb_id = 0037366

"Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo" is a 1944 MGM war film. It was directed by Mervyn LeRoy and produced by Sam Zimbalist. The screenplay by Dalton Trumbo was based on a 1943 book by Ted W. Lawson. In both book and film Lawson gives an eye-witness account of the training, mission and aftermath that he and his crew experienced as part of the Doolittle Raid in April 1942. Lawson shared his first-hand experience as the pilot of the "The Ruptured Duck", the seventh of 16 B-25s to take off from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet.

The film stars Van Johnson as Lawson, Phyllis Thaxter as Ellen Lawson, Robert Walker as Sgt. David Thatcher, Robert Mitchum as Lt. Bob Gray and Spencer Tracy as Col. Jimmy Doolittle, the man who planned and led the raid.

The film is also noted for its attention to historical details of the raid as well as its use of actual movie footage of the bombers in flying scenes.

Plot

The film begins in February 1942 as the American Army Air Forces plan to retaliate for the Pearl Harbor attack by bombing Tokyo. Colonel "Jimmy" Doolittle (Spencer Tracy), the leader of the mission, assembles a volunteer group of aviators who begin to prepare by learning to fly B-25 Mitchell medium bombers from the deck of an aircraft carrier.

One of the pilots is Lt. Ted Lawson (Van Johnson), whose story frames the action of the training, launch from the carrier "USS Hornet", and harrowing attack on Tokyo. Discovered by Japanese picket boats, the 16 bombers are forced to take off early. After the attack, all of the crews run out of gas before finding their recovery airfields in China, and Lawson crashes trying to crash-land on a beach. he and his crew face tremendous odds before being rescued.

Cast

As appearing in screen credits (main roles identified):

A full cast and production crew list is on the IMDb profile. [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0037366/fullcredits Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Full credits] ]

Production

A measure of realism was maintained by working closely with Captain Ted Lawson and other members of the raid. The use of Eglin Field near Pensacola, Florida, the real base where the Doolittle Raiders trained along with using operational USAAF B-25C and -D bombers which closely resembled the B-25B Mitchells used in 1942 made for a very authentic, near-documentary feel. Although an aircraft carrier was not available due to wartime needs, a mix of studio sets and the original newsreel footage recreated the "USS Hornet" scenes faithfully. Principal photography took place between February and June 1944. [Orriss 1984, p. 93.]

Reception

Although recognized as an inspirational patriotic film bordering on propaganda, the "New York Times" critic Bosley Crowther in November 1944 summed up the universal verdict on the production, "our first sensational raid on Japan in April 1942 is told with magnificent integrity and dramatic eloquence..." [ Orriss 1984, p. 100.] The film is now considered a "classic aviation and war film." [ Harwick and Schnepf 1989, pp. 13–14, 61–62.]

Critical acclaim followed the film and many reviewers considered it the finest aviation film of the period. [Orriss 1984, pp. 93–94.] The actual Raiders considered it a worthy tribute.

Awards

In the 1945 Academy Awards, the "Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo" team of A. Arnold Gillespie, Donald Jahraus and Warren Newcombe (photography) and Douglas Shearer (sound) won the Oscar for Best Special Effects. Robert Surtees, A.S.C. and Harold Rosson, A.S.C. were also nominated in the category of Black and White Cinematography. [ [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0037366/awards Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Awards] ]

Popular culture

Actor Van Johnson did a 1970s commercial for Post Fortified Oat Flakes breakfast cereal on a set reminiscent of B-25s on an aircraft carrier flight deck, concluding with the line that the cereal would "take me to Tokyo – and back!" Jefferson Airplane's second live album "Thirty Seconds Over Winterland" (1973) is a humorous take on this title. Experimental rock band Pere Ubu's 1975 debut single is named after the film.

ee also

*The Ruptured Duck (B-25)
*Ted W. Lawson
*"The Purple Heart" (1945), a fictional account of the fate of a group of American airmen, presumably from the Doolittle raid
*"Pearl Harbor" (2001), which includes a fictionalized version of the raid.

References

Notes

Bibliography

* Dolan Edward F. Jr. "Hollywood Goes to War". London: Bison Books, 1985. ISBN 0-86124-229-7.
* Harwick, Jack and Ed Schnepf. "A Viewer's Guide to Aviation Movies". "The Making of the Great Aviation Films", General Aviation Series, Volume 2, 1989.
* Orriss, Bruce. "When Hollywood Ruled the Skies: The Aviation Film Classics of World War II". Hawthorne, California: Aero Associates Inc., 1984. ISBN 0-9613088-0-X.

External links

* [http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0037366/ Internet Movie Database]
* [http://www.classicfilmguide.com/index.php?s=other_reviews&item=165 Classic Film Guide]
* [http://netlabs.net/hp/richieb/movies.html Reviews of Aviation Films and Movies]