Bitemporal hemianopsia

Bitemporal hemianopsia

DiseaseDisorder infobox
Name = PAGENAME
ICD10 = ICD10|H|53|4|h|53
ICD9 = ICD9|368.47
ICDO =


Caption = Paris as seen with bitemporal hemianopia
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj =
eMedicineTopic =
DiseasesDB =

Bitemporal hemianopsia (or Bitemporal hemianopia) is the medical description of a type of partial blindness where vision is missing in the outer half of both the right and left visual field. It is usually associated with lesions of the optic chiasm, the area where the optic nerves from the right and left eyes cross near the pituitary gland.

Causes

In bitemporal hemianopsia vision is missing in the outer (temporal or lateral) half of both the right and left visual fields. Information from the temporal visual field falls on the nasal (medial) retina. The nasal retina is responsible for carrying the information along the optic nerve, and crosses to the other side at the optic chiasm. When there is compression at optic chiasm the visual impulse from both nasal retina are affected, leading to inability to view the temporal, or peripheral, vision. This phenomenon is known as bitemporal hemianopia. Knowing the neurocircuitry of visual signal flow through the optic tract is very important in understanding bitemporal hemianopia.

Bitemporal hemianopia most commonly occurs as a result of tumors located at the mid-optic chiasm. Since the adjacent structure is the pituitary gland, some common tumors causing compression are Pituitary adenomas, and Craniopharyngiomas.

Etymology

The absence of vision in half of a visual field is described as "hemianopsia".

The visual field of each eye can be divided in two vertically, with the outer half being described as "temporal", and the inner half being described as "nasal".

"Bitemporal hemianopsia" can be broken down as follows:
*"bi-": involves both left and right visual fields
*"temporal": involves the temporal visual field
*"hemi-": involves half of each visual field
*"anopsia": blindness (formed by "a(n) no + opsis vision + ia")

ee also

* Binasal hemianopsia
* Homonymous hemianopsia

External links

* Case report of [http://clinicalcases.blogspot.com/2004/05/bilateral-hemianopsia-due-to-pituitary.html Bilateral Hemianopsia Due to Pituitary Adenoma] . Clinical Cases and Images. at blogspot.com
*


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