Arndale Centre

Arndale Centres were the first "American-style" malls to be built in the United Kingdom. In total twenty-two Arndales have been built in the UK, and two in Australia. The first opened in Jarrow in 1961, as a pedestrianised shopping area.

History

Shortly after the end of World War II Arnold Hagenbach, a baker with a talent for property investment, and Sam Chippindale, an estate agent from Otley, set up a company called the Arndale Property Trust, the name being a combination of "Arnold" and "Chippindale".

The Trust purchased Bradford's Victoria Swan Arcade in 1954 with the intention of demolishing it and developing a new shopping centre, but it took eight years before leases expired and building work could commence, so in the meantime it developed a site in Jarrow, South Tyneside, which became the first Arndale Centre when it opened in 1961. Its trademark Viking statue was built by the Trust in 1963.

When the Wandsworth Arndale opened in 1971 it was the largest indoor shopping space in Europe.cite web
last =
first =
authorlink =
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title = Arnold Hagenbach
work =
publisher = The Times
date = 2005-04-08
url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article378474.ece
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doi =
accessdate = 2007-04-26]

The largest Arndale Centre built was Manchester Arndale. It was redeveloped in 1996 after being badly damaged in an IRA bombing, and the centre has been owned by Prudential since 1998. [cite web|url=http://www.manchester2002-uk.com/shops/arndale-centre.html|title=Manchester UK - Manchester Shops|accessdate=2007-06-21]

Criticism

The Arndale Centres were largely successful, but they also attracted a great deal of criticism as they often involved demolishing old buildings – particularly Victorian buildings – and replacing them with modern concrete constructions in a brutalist style.

:"There are people today amassing stupendous fortunes by systematically destroying our historic centres," wrote architectural writer James Lees-Milne, in 1964. "Eventually, all the buildings of the area - good, bad and indifferent - are replaced with chain stores, supermarkets and blocks of flats devoid of all distinction, and all looking alike." [cite web
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title = Centre shifts
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publisher = Guardian News and Media Limited
date = 2001-04-04
url = http://society.guardian.co.uk/regeneration/story/0,7940,467897,00.html
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doi =
accessdate = 2007-04-26]

The value of the Wandsworth Arndale was maximised by the high-rise tower blocks built on top of the mall, which helped it to become, according to some commentators, "one of London’s great architectural disasters".

List of Arndale Centres

United Kingdom

*Aberdeen
*Accrington
*Bolton "now known as Crompton Place Shopping CentreUnicode|"
*Bradford "now known as Kirkgate Centre"
*Doncaster "now known as Frenchgate Centre"
*Eastbourne
*Jarrow "now known as Viking Centre"
*Lancaster
*Leeds, Armley
*Leeds, Cross Gates "now known as Crossgates Shopping Centre"
*Leeds, Headingley
*Luton, "purchased in 2006 by The Mall Company and now known as The Mall Luton"
*Manchester, "the largest of the Arndale Centres, and the largest city-centre shopping mall in Europe"
*Middleton "now known as Middleton Shopping Centre"
*Morecambe
*Nelson "now known Pendle Rise Shopping Centre"
*Poole "now known as the Dolphin Centre"
*Shipley
*Sunderland
*Stretford "now known as Stretford Mall"
*Wandsworth " now known as Southside"
*Wellingborough "now known as Swans Gate Shopping Centre"

Australia

*Adelaide
*Frenchs Forest "now known as Forestway Shopping Centre"

References

External links

* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1559091,00.html The "Times" - Arnold Hagenbach Obituary]