Fumata nera and fumata bianca

Fumata nera and fumata bianca

The fumata nera ("black smoke" in Italian) is the announcement to the outer world by a conclave that a Papal election wasn't decisive, by means of burning the ballots together with straw or chemicals to produce black smoke. A fumata bianca ("white smoke") announces the conclave is over because a Pope was elected. Both terms have permeated into Italian culture as political and journalistic jargon for, respectively, "non-decisive vote" and "final, decisive vote", and are widely (ab)used by the press.


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  • Politics of Vatican City — takes place in a framework of an absolute theocratic monarchy, in which the head of the Catholic Church, the Pope, exercises ex officio supreme legislative, executive, and judicial power over the State of the Vatican City (an entity distinct from …   Wikipedia

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