Fard

Fard

Fard ( _ar. الفرض) also farida ( _ar. الفريضة) is an Islamic term which denotes a religious duty. The word is also used in Persian, Turkish, Urdu and Hindi (spelled "farz") in the same meaning.

"Fard" or its synonym "wajib" is one of the five types of Ahkam into which Fiqh categorizes acts of every Muslim. Hanafites however makes a distinction between "Wajib" and "Fard", the latter being more obligatory than the former. [ [http://www.albalagh.net/qa/fard_wajib_sunnah.shtml Albalagh.net] ] [ [http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=972&CATE=4 Sunnipath.com] ] . In Bahasa Indonesia, "wajib" also means "obligatory", since the word is derived from Arabic.

Individual duty and sufficiency

The Fiqh distinguishes two sorts of duties:
*Individual duty or "fard al-ayn" |الواجب الع relates to tasks every Muslim is required to perform, such as daily prayer ("salah"), hijab, or the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime ("hajj").
*Sufficiency duty or "fard al-kifaya" ( _ar. الواجب الكفائي) is a duty which is imposed on the whole community of believers ("ummah"). The classic example for it is jihad: the individual is not required to perform it as long as a sufficient number of community members fulfil it.

ee also

*Mitzvah (somewhat similar Jewish concept)
*Dharma (Hindu/Buddhist/Sikh term that can be used to mean "duty" or "obligation", although there are also other meanings)

References


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  • fard — fard …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • fard — [ far ] n. m. • 1213; de 1. farder 1 ♦ Produit qu on applique sur le visage pour en changer l aspect naturel. ⇒ maquillage. Fard blanc; fards teintés. Fard pour le teint. ⇒ fond (de teint), poudre. Fard à joues. ⇒ blush. Fard à paupières. ⇒ 1.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Farḍ — (arabisch ‏فرض ‎, DMG farḍ Pflicht ) auch arabisch ‏فريضة ‎, DMG farīḍa [1] bedeutet „religiöse Pflicht“, „(göttliche) Verordnung“, „Verordnung“. Farḍ ist die Summe derjenigen religiösen Verpflichtungen, die Muslime im Ritualleben… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Fard — (arabisch ‏فرض ‎, DMG farḍ Pflicht ) auch arabisch ‏فريضة ‎, DMG farīḍa [1] bedeutet „religiöse Pflicht“, „(göttliche) Verordnung“, „Verordnung“. Fard ist die Summe derjenigen religiösen Verpflichtungen, die Muslime im Ritualleben bedingungslos… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • fard — FARD. s. m. Composition artificielle pour faire paroistre le teint plus beau, pour rendre la peau plus belle. Fard luisant, le fard gaste le teint à la longue. elle met du fard, elle a deux doigts de fard sur le visage. Il se dit fig. Des faux… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • fard — FARD, farduri, s.n. Produs cosmetic alb, roşu, verde, albastru etc. pentru colorat faţa, ochii şi buzele; dres1, suliman, boia, boială. – Din fr. fard. Trimis de cornel, 06.05.2004. Sursa: DEX 98  FARD s. (pop. şi fam. peior.) boia, boială, (fam …   Dicționar Român

  • Fard — Fard, n. [F., prob. fr. OHG. gifarit, gifarwit p. p. of farwjan to color, tinge, fr. farawa color, G. farbe.] Paint used on the face. [Obs.] Painted with French fard. J. Whitaker. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Fard — Fard, v. t. [F. farder to paint one s face.] To paint; said esp. of one s face. [Obs.] Shenstone. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • fard — /far/, it. /fard/ s.m., fr. [der. di farder imbellettare ]. [cosmetico, in polvere compatta o in pasta, per dare colore alle guance] ▶◀ (non com.) belletto, terra (colorata). ⇑ trucco …   Enciclopedia Italiana

  • Fard — [fa:r] der; s, s <aus gleichbed. fr. fard zu farder, vgl. ↑fardieren> (veraltet) a) Schminke; b) Verstellung, Heuchelei …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

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