- Franz Eckert
Franz Eckert (
5 April 1852 -8 August 1916 ) was a German musician who composed theharmony forJapan 'snational anthem , "Kimi ga Yo " and the "The Anthem of the Korean Empire".Eckert was a native of Neurode (Nowe Ruda),
Prussian Silesia . He studied in the conservatories of Breslau (Wrocław) andDresden , and specialized inmilitary music . He received an appointment to became bandmaster to theKaiserliche Marine atWilhelmshaven , where he caught the attention of the Japanese government in 1879.Eckert was invited to Japan as a foreign advisor at the behest of the
Imperial Japanese Navy . Eckert served as director of the Navy Band from 1879-1880. At the time, the need for an anthem was especially pressing in the Navy, as Japanese officers were embarrassed by their inability to sing their own anthem at flag ceremonies at sea. Eckert rearranged the existing anthem per theGregorian mode for Western instrumentation, making suitable modifications for playability at sea, including a four-part vocal arrangement. The new national anthem was first performed in the imperial palace onEmperor Meiji 's birthday,3 November 1880 .Eckert later founded the military band of the
Imperial Japanese Army Academy , established the military band of the Imperial Guards, and was active in composing ceremonial music for both the Court and for the military, while introducing a variety of Westernmusical instrument s and musical theories onmelody andharmony . In 1897, he was invited to compose a special song, which he titled "Kanashimi no kiwami", for the funeral of Empress Dowager Eisho (widow ofEmperor Kōmei ).Eckert returned to Germany in 1889 to a posting at the
Berlin Philharmonic , but was soon appointed music director toWilhelm II, German Emperor .In 1901 Eckert was invited by the Korean government to also supply the harmony for the national anthem of the
Korean Empire before its annexation by Japan in 1910. The new anthem had elements from the works ofRichard Wagner , and was played beforeEmperor Gojong , who was himself a Prussian enthusiast. Eckert died in Seoul fromstomach cancer at age 65 while at work inKorea . His grave is located atYanghwajin Hapjeong-dong Mapo-gu Seoul.References
*Huffman, James. "Modern Japan : An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Nationalism". Routledge (1997). ISBN: 0815325258
ee also
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.