Kyffhäuser

Geobox|Range
name=Kyffhäuser


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image_caption=Kyffhäuser Monument, view from Tilleda
country=Germany
region=Thuringia
region1=Saxony-Anhalt
region2=
geology=Sandstone, Conglomerate Carboniferous sedimentary, metamorphic rocks
period= |orogeny=Variscan
highest= Kulpenberg
highest_elevation_imperial= 1553The Kyffhäuser (pronounced|ˈkʰɪfˌhɔɪ̯zɐ) is a mountain range located on the border of the German state of Thuringia with Saxony-Anhalt. It stands on the southern edge of the Harz. The range has a length of km to mi|19 |wiki=yes and a width of km to mi|7. It reaches its highest point at the Kulpenberg (m to ft|473.4), situated in Thuringia. The Kyffhäuser has significance in German traditional mythology as the resting place of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, who drowned on June 10, 1190 in the Göksu River near Silifke during the Third Crusade.

The name Kyffhäuser probably stems from "cuffese" meaning head or peak. The settlement of Tilleda at the northern rim was already mentioned at the beginning of the 9th century in the "Breviarium Lulli" as "Dullide", an estate of Hersfeld Abbey. A Kaiserpfalz at Tilleda is attested by the 972 marriage certificate of Empress Theophanu. A first castle on the mountain above the settlement my have been erected by Emperor Henry IV during his conflict with the Saxons. His son Henry V inherited the quarrels and the castle was finally sligthed by the Saxon Duke (and later Emperor) Lothair of Supplinburg in 1119. Lothair himself started the reconstruction in his later years and the "Reichsburg Kyffhausen" was completed under Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.

According to legend, Barbarossa is not in fact dead, but sleeps in a hidden chamber underneath the Kyffhäuser mountain, sitting at a stone table. His beard has supposedly grown so long over the centuries that it grew through the table. As in the similar legend of King Arthur, Barbarossa supposedly awaits his country's hour of greatest need, when he will emerge once again from under the mountain. The presence of ravens circling the Kyffhäuser summit is said to be a sign of Barbarossa's continuing presence.

Today, the mountain area is a tourist site featuring a restored medieval castle from the 11th century. Atop the mountain is the Kyffhäuser Monument, built in 1896, which depicts German Emperor William I and Frederick Barbarossa.

ee also

*King in the Mountain