Tulancingo, Hidalgo

Infobox City
official_name = Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo
nickname = Tulancingo
motto =

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image_caption = An evening view of Tulancingo, from the Cerro del Tezontle


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leader_title = Municipal President
leader_name = Ricardo Bravo Delgadillo
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population_as_of = 2005
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population_total = 96538
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utc_offset = -6
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utc_offset_DST = -5
latd=20 |latm=5|lats=|latNS=N
longd=98|longm=22 |longs=0 |longEW= W
elevation_m = 2181
elevation_ft = 7156
website = [http://www.tulancingo.gob.mx http://www.tulancingo.gob.mx]
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Tulancingo (officially Tulancingo de Bravo) is the second-largest city in the Mexican state of Hidalgo. It is located in the southeastern part of the state and is municipal seat of the Tulancingo municipality and of the Archdiocese of Tulancingo. The city had a 2005 census population of 96,538, while Tulancingo de Bravo municipality had a population of 129,935 [ [http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática] , Population data from Census of 2005] . The municipality's area is 290.4 km² (112.12 sq mi). The name "Tulancingo" can refer to the city, the municipality, the valley or the river.

Name

The name Tulancingo comes from the word "tollan-tzinco" in Nahuatl, which may mean "the small tule", "the small Tollán", "behind the tules", or "in the tule field". The word "Bravo" was added to the name in honor of Mexican President Nicolás Bravo [ [http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_hidalgo Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México] Encyclopedia of the Municipalities of Mexico.] .

Geography

The city of Tulancingo is situated in the "Valle de Tulancingo" or Tulancingo valley in the southeastern part of the state. Other municipalities found in the valley are Metepec, Acatlán, Cuautepec de Hinojosa and Santiago Tulantepec de Lugo Guerrero. The Tulancingo River runs through the city. The municipality of Tulancingo borders on the north with Metepec, on the east with Acaxochitlán and Cuautepec de Hinojosa on the south with Santiago Tualantepec de Lugo Guerrero and on the west with Acatlán and Singuilucan.

The climate in Tulancingo is temperate, with rainy summers and dry winters. Snowfall is a rare occurrence; Tulancingo received a light dusting of snow in January, 2008, and before that the last occurrence of snow was in 1980. [ [http://www.correo-gto.com.mx/notas.asp?id=53083 Drástico descenso de la temperatura en 16 estados] , Snow fell in seven municipalities in Hidalgo, including Tulancingo; First time since 1980.]

Economy

The Tulancingo valley is a fertile area where corn (maize), barley and legumes are cultivated. Holstein cattle and Suffolk sheep are popular, and approximately 40,000 liters of milk are produced daily in the valley. There are also mining operations producing sand, obsidian and a red volcanic gravel called tezontle, used in building.

Industrial production mainly centers on manufacturing a variety of fabrics.

In the service sector, there are many good quality hotels and restaurants, and several important medical centers and hospitals.

Demographics

The majority of those who live in the Tulancingo area speak Spanish but there is a small portion of indigenous people who speak Tepehua, Otomi and Nahuatl. There are 80,000 registered voters in the city. The city's population is divided among 51% men and 49% women. The Tulancingo valley is home to more than 250,000 people.

Education

There are three public universities and seven private universities in Tualancingo offering studies in agriculture, law, accounting, business administration, computer science and tourism. There are also many technical schools. The principal universities are: Rancho Universitario, an affiliate of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Universidad Tecnológica, Centro Universitario de Oriente de Hidalgo, an affiliate of the UNAM, Universidad Tollantzingo, Normal Superior Luis Donaldo Colosio, Universidad Alfonso Cravioto, and Universidad Politécnica de Tulancingo.

There are 68 preschools, 29 grade schools, 30 high schools in Tulancingo which employ more than 1,000 teachers. There are also five public libraries in Tulancingo.

Archeology

The northern part of the Tulancingo valley, the Tepehua Otomí mountains and the town of Acaxochitlán dates to the Jurassic period. The central area where the modern city of Tulancingo currently stands is made of solidified lava, which is also mined to extract sand and tezontle, which is used for building.

In Santiago Tulantepec, a small town to the south of Tulancingo, remains of wooly mammoths have been found, which are dated to about 6,000 years ago.

There is also a small pyramid located in the archeological zone of Huapalcalco a few minutes to the north of the city. The pyramid is dated to the 6th century.

Tourism and culture

There is a religious celebration held each year on August 2, called "Día de Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles", which attracts many visitors. The annual municipal fair is also held in Tulancingo each August.

Tulancingo is a haven for writers, painters, sculptors, musicians and other artists, and different cultural festivals and expos are held at different times of the year for their benefit.

Cathedral

The main cathedral in Tulancingo is an example of colonial religious architecture. Its construction was started in 1528 by the Franciscan order. With stone walls almost a meter thick, it is an imposing building looking over the central park/plaza, "La Floresta", in Tulancingo.

The building was restored in 1788 by the architect José Damián Ortiz de Castro, who was also part of planning and building the main cathedral in Mexico City. The building now has a neoclassical, triangular facade. The baptismal is an impressive work made of carved stone.

ee also

*Municipalities of Hidalgo

References

External links

* [http://www.tulancingo.com.mx/ Municipio Tulancingo] Better website
* [http://www.tulancingo.gob.mx/ Municipio Tulancingo] Official website
* [http://www.hidalgo.gob.mx/ State of Hidalgo] Official website
*Geolinks-cityscale|42.6517|-2.173491