Leonard Howell

James Peregrine Howell (June 16, 1898 – 1981) was a Jamaican religious figure. He founded the Rastafari movement and is known as "The First Rasta."

Born in May Crawle River, Jamaica, Howell left the country as a youth and returned in 1932. He began preaching in 1933 about what he considered the symbolic portent for the African diaspora—the crowning of Ras Tafari Makonnen as Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. His preaching asserted that Haile Selassie was the "Messiah returned to earth." Although this resulted in him being arrested, tried for sedition and imprisoned for two years, the Rastafari movement grew. [The Rastafarians | Leonard E. Barrett, Sr. =Lee, Helene, Davis, Stephen (foreword) | title=The First Rasta: HON.Leonard Howell and the Rise of Rastafarianism | publisher=Chicago Review Press, USA | year=2005 | id=ISBN 1-55652-558-3]

Over the following years, Howell came into conflict with all the establishment authorities in Jamaica: the planters, the trade unions, established churches, police and colonial authorities. Nevertheless, this movement prospered, and today the Rastafari faith exists worldwide.

Leonard Howell died in Kingston, Jamaica.

Howell's six foundations of Rastafari

*Opposition to the wickedness
*The dignity of the Black race
*God's revenge on the wicked for their wickedness
*The negation, persecution and humiliation of the government and legal bodies of wicked world
*Preparation to return to Africa
*Acknowledgment of Emperor Haile Selassie I as the Supreme Being and the only ruler of the Black people.

References

External links

* [http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/html/20020222t170000-0500_21712_obs_leonard_p_howell__universal_prophet.asp "Jamaican Observer" article on Howell]
* [http://www.rastafarian.net/ The Rastafarians]
* [http://altreligion.about.com/library/faqs/bl_rastafarianism.htm Rastafarianism - With Photo of Leonard P. Howell]
* [http://www.kidam.net/index.php/2006/12/20/le-premier-rasta/ French Trailer of a Documentary About The First Rasta]