- Q Planes
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Q Planes 
US Theatrical poster, Note the title is Clouds Over EuropeDirected by Tim Whelan
Arthur B. WoodsProduced by Irving Asher Written by Brock Williams
Jack Whittingham
Ian DalrympleStarring Ralph Richardson
Laurence Olivier
Valerie HobsonRelease date(s) 2 March 1939 (UK)
20 June 1939 (US) as Clouds Over EuropeRunning time 82 minutes Country United Kingdom Language English Q Planes, released in the United States by Columbia Pictures as Clouds Over Europe, is a 1939 British spy film directed by Tim Whelan and Arthur B. Woods, starring Ralph Richardson, Laurence Olivier and Valerie Hobson. It was produced by Irving Asher with Alexander Korda as executive producer. [1]The name "Q Planes" may have been derived from the British "Q-ships" that were used as spy and armed merchant vessels in the First World War. The film was helmed by American director Tim Whelan (Sidewalks of London (1938) and later, in 1940, co-director of The Thief of Bagdad) who was then in Britain working for Korda at Denham Studios.
Q Planes (or in its American guise, Clouds Over Europe) mixes the genres of spy thriller and comedy romance, and was intended to be a star vehicle for Olivier, but Richardson dominates much of the screen with a sardonic take on a spy, either working for Scotland Yard or British Military Intelligence.[2] Released just months before the United Kingdom declared war on Germany in 1939, the film is a precursor to the "strongly nationalistic, anti-German films that would reach their zenith in Britain during the war years".[3]
Contents
Plot
Advanced British aircraft prototypes carrying experimental and highly secret equipment being developed under government contract, are regularly vanishing with their crews on their test flights. No one can deduce the problem, not even spymaster Major Hammond (Ralph Richardson) or his sister Kay (Valerie Hobson), a newspaper reporter who is working undercover in the works canteen used by the crews at the Barrett & Ward Aircraft Company.
At first, Major Hammond is seen as an outsider at the aircraft factory, even by Mr. Barrett, the owner (George Merritt), but he soon finds a friend in a star pilot, Tony McVane (Laurence Olivier) who helps him try to unravel the case. Hammond becomes convinced that the company secretary at the factory, Jenkins (George Curzon) is a foreign agent and "mole", but Jenkins is killed by unseen gunmen before he can give up the names of his contacts.
The mystery remains unsolved when McVane returns to the aircraft factory, determined to make the next test flight. His aircraft, like the others, is brought down by a powerful ray beamed from the S.S. Viking, a mysterious salvage ship manned by a foreign crew. [N 1] Along with his aircraft, McVane and his flight crew are taken hostage on the ship, where he discovers many other missing airmen have suffered the same fate. Gathering up weapons, McVane leads the British survivors in an attempt to take control of the ship. Major Hammond learns the truth and directs a Royal Navy ship (HMS Echo) to come to their rescue.
In a short coda, Kay and McVane get together and Hammond learns, to his chagrin, that his longtime lady friend has married.
Cast
- Laurence Olivier as Tony McVane
- Ralph Richardson as Major Hammond
- Valerie Hobson as Kay Hammond
- George Curzon as Jenkins
- George Merritt as Mr. Barrett, the company president
- John Laurie as Newspaper editor
Airspeed Envoy
Production
Period airports and aircraft including the Airspeed Envoy and de Havilland Tiger Moth are featured in the aerial scenes. The Brooklands racetrack, which also was an important aeronautical centre, was used as a backdrop for the aerial sequences on the ground.[4]
Reception
Considered a pre-war harbinger of a conflict with Germany and the role of spies in combating foreign agents, when screened in the United States, under the intriguing title of Clouds Over Europe, the film received a very positive review by Frank Nugent of The New York Times. Initially thinking the film may be a documentary, with newsreel footage of London starting the film, the scenes soon turn into "...one of the wittiest and pleasantest comedies that have come a capering to the American screen this season..."[5]Variety reviewers also considered it had a "...refreshing tongue-in-cheek attitude; whole thing is bright, breezy and flavorsome." [6]
The dapper character played by Richardson was reputedly the model for the later-day John Steed of the 1960s era The Avengers television series, according to Brian Clemens, one of the series creators.[7]
Screenwriter Jack Whittingham later collaborated with Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory for a James Bond film screenplay about a hijacked aircraft that was used for the book and film Thunderball.
Home release
The film was released on video by Carlton Home Entertainment in 1991, and on DVD in April 2007.
References
- Notes
- ^ The nationality of the crew and agents aboard the S.S. Viking is unspecified, but can be presumed to be German.
- Citations
- ^ Aldgate and Richards 1994, p. 79.
- ^ Spoto 1992, p. 207.
- ^ Bean, Kendra. "CMBA Movies of 1939 Blogathon: Q Planes." vivandlarry.com, 17 May 2011. Retrieved: 13 July 2011.
- ^ Albert, Walter. "A Movie Review by Walter Albert: Q Planes (1939)." Mystery File, 28 July 2009. Retrieved: 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Clouds over Europe (1939); The Screen in Review: Comedy Lifts Its Head Again in 'Clouds Over Europe' at the Music Hall." The New York Times, 16 June 1939.
- ^ "Q Planes (UK)." Variety, 1939.
- ^ Chapman 2002, p. 61.
- Bibliography
- Aldgate, Anthony and Jeffrey Richards. Britain Can Take it: British Cinema in the Second World War. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2nd Edition, 1994. ISBN 0-7486-0508-8.
- Barr, Charles, ed. All Our Yesterdays: 90 Years of British Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1986. ISBN 0-85170-179-5.
- Chapman, James. Saints and Avengers: British Adventure Series of the 1960s (Popular TV Genres). London: I. B. Tauris, 2002. ISBN 978-1860647543.
- Coleman, Terry. Olivier: The Authorised Biography. London: Henry Holt and Co., 2006, First edition 2005. ISBN 0-7475-7798-6.
- Holden, Anthony. Olivier. London: Weidenfeld, 2008. ISBN 1904435890.
- Murphy, Robert. British Cinema and the Second World War. London: Continuum, 2000. ISBN 0-8264-5139-X.
- Spoto, Donald. Laurence Olivier: A Biography. New York: HarperCollins, 1992. ISBN 0-06-018315-2.
External links
- Q Planes at the Internet Movie Database
- Clouds Over Europe at the TCM Movie Database
- Clouds Over Europe at AllRovi
- Q Planes is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]
Films directed by Arthur B. Woods 1930s Timbuctoo • On Secret Service • Radio Parade of 1935 • Give Her a Ring • Once in a Million • Music Hath Charms • Drake of England • Rhythm in the Air • Where's Sally? • Irish for Luck • Mayfair Melody • The Windmill • The Compulsory Wife • Don't Get Me Wrong • You Live and Learn • The Singing Cop • The Dark Stairway • Mr. Satan • Thistledown • Glamour Girl • The Return of Carol Deane • Dangerous Medicine • They Drive by Night • Q Planes • The Nursemaid Who Disappeared • Confidential Lady1940s The films of Tim Whelan 1920s Adam's Apple (1928)• When Knights Were Bold (1929)1930s It's a Boy (1933) • Aunt Sally (1934) • The Camels are Coming (1934) • The Murder Man (1935) • The Imperfect Lady (1935) • Two's Company (1936) • The Mill on the Floss (1937) • Farewell Again (1937) • Action for Slander (1937) • Smash and Grab (1937) • The Divorce of Lady X (1938) • Sidewalks of London (1938) • Q Planes (1939)1940s Ten Days in Paris (1940) • The Thief of Bagdad (1940) • A Date with Destiny (1941) • International Lady (1941) • Twin Beds (1942) • Nightmare (1942) • Seven Days' Leave (1942) • Swing Fever (1943) • Higher and Higher (1943) • Step Lively (1944) • Badman's Territory (1946) • This Was a Woman (1948)1940s Rage at Dawn (1955)• Texas Lady (1955)Categories:- 1939 films
- Aviation films
- Black-and-white films
- British films
- English-language films
- Films directed by Arthur B. Woods
- Films directed by Tim Whelan
- Spy films
- Columbia Pictures films
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