All-night vigil

: "For the musical setting by Rachmaninoff, see All-Night Vigil (Rachmaninoff)

The All-night vigil is a service of the Eastern Orthodox Church consisting of an aggregation of the three canonical hours of Vespers, Matins, and the First Hour. The vigil is celebrated on the eves of Sundays and of major liturgical feasts.cite book
last=Dunlop
first=Carolyn C.
title=Music of the Russian court chapel choir: 1796-1917
year=2000
publisher=Harwood Academic Publishers
isbn=9789057550263
edition=
location=Amsterdam
url=http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9057550261&id=UIM_K3a5XMMC&pg=RA2-PA80&lpg=RA2-PA80&ots=bcdN4E_yhD&dq=%22all+night+vigil%22+russian+orthodox&sig=d9EpV-kpRy8WDqsWRp1-nEGvdKY#PRA2-PA58,M1
pages=58-59]

The vigil has been set to music most famously by Sergei Rachmaninoff, whose setting of selections from the service is one of his most admired works. Other musical settings include those by Chesnokov, Grechaninov, Ippolitov-Ivanov, Alexander Kastalsky [cite book
last=Zvereva
first=Svetlana
title=Alexander Kastalsky: His Life and Music
year=2003
publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
isbn=0754609758
edition=
location=
others=translated by Stuart Campbell
url=http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0754609758&id=6J7HvfHrRp0C&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&ots=grXbRPPM02&dq=rachmaninoff+night+vigil+greatest+orthodox&sig=PWJZKdR6UmLWL438fxGyafhefc4#PPA124,M1
pages=124] , and Einojuhani Rautavaara. It is most often celebrated using a variety of traditional or simplified chant melodies based on the Octoechos or other sources.

Order

When celebrated at the All-night vigil, the orders of Great Vespers and Matins vary somewhat from when they are celebrated by themselves. [cite web|url=http://biserica.org/Publicatii/ServiceBook/Gvespers.htm|title=The Order of Great Vespers|work=The Priest's Service Book|publisher=Diocese of the South|accessdate=2007-03-06] [cite web|url=http://biserica.org/Publicatii/ServiceBook/Smatins.htm|title=The Order of Matins on Sundays and Feast Days|work=The Priest's Service Book|publisher=Diocese of the South|accessdate=2007-03-06] In parish usage, many portions of the service such as the readings from the Synaxarion during the Canon at Matins are abbreviated or omitted, and it therefore takes approximately two or two and a half hours to perform.

The Psalms cited below are numbered according to the Septuagint, which differs from that found in the Masoretic.

Great Vespers

* Great Censing of the entire church, done in silence
* Opening exclamation by the priest: "Glory to the holy, consubstantial, life-creating, and undivided Trinity, always, now and ever, and unto ages of ages"
* "Come let us worship God our king"
* "Psalm of creation", Psalm 103, selected verses
* Great Litany
* First Kathisma, "Blessed is the man," usually a selection of verses from the first "stasis" (Psalms 1, 2, and 3) rather than the entire kathisma
* Little Litany
* "Lord I have cried", a composite of Psalms beginning with Psalm 140, with appointed stichera, ending with the "Dogmatic Theotokion", a hymn addressed to the Theotokos
* Entrance
*"Phos Hilaron" ("O gladsome light")
* Prokeimenon for the day
* Old Testament readings (on feast days only)
* Augmented Litany
* The prayer, "Vouchsafe, O Lord"
* Litany of Askings
* Litia (on feast days, though some churches serve the Litia every Sunday as well)
* Aposticha
* Nunc dimittis ("Now lettest Thou thy servant depart in peace") and Trisagion prayers
* Apolytikion—on Sundays: "Rejoice, O Virgin Theotokos..."; otherwise, the one appointed for the feast
* Artoklasia, if there was a Litia
* "Blessed be the name of the Lord", Psalm 33, and a blessing

Matins

* "Glory to God in the highest", "O Lord, open Thou my lips"
* Six Psalms (Psalms 3, 37, 61, 87, 102, and 142)
* Great Litany
* "God is the Lord", with verses from Psalm 117
* Apolytikion—on Sundays: from the Octoechos; otherwise, for the feast—and its appropriate Theotokion
* 17th Kathisma (Psalm 118) or Polyeleon (Psalms 134 and 135) as appointed for the season
* Megalynarion (feast days)
* Resurrectional Troparia, "The Angelic Council..." (Sundays only)
* Little Litany
* Anabathmoi
* Hypakoe
* Matins Prokeimenon
* Matins Gospel
* "Having beheld the Resurrection of Christ" (on Sundays), or the appointed stichera (on feast days)
*Psalm 50 ("Have mercy on me, O God", "Miserere")
* Prayer, "O God save thy people and bless thine inheritance..."
* Canon. The people venerate the Gospel Book if it is Sunday, or the icon of the feast if it is a weekday
*"It is truly meet" on Sundays, though it is replaced on certain feast days
* "Holy is the Lord our God" (Sundays only)
* Exapostilarion
* Praises (Psalms 148 to 150, with stichera)
* Great Doxology ("Glory to God in the highest")
* Appointed troparia
* Augmented Litany
* Litany of Askings
* Dismissal
* Polychronion
* First Hour

References

External links

* [http://www.orthodox.net/ustav/real-all-night-vigil.html Description of a "real" All Night vigil in Russia] By Professor Mikhail Skaballanovich (1911)