Liber sine nomine

The "Liber sine nomine" ("The Book without a Name") is a collection of nineteen letters written in Latin by the fourteenth century Italian poet and Renaissance humanist Petrarch. The letters are harshly critical of the Avignon papacy, and were withheld from the larger collection of "Epistolae familiares" ("Letters to Friends") for this reason. In this fashion, Petrarch reasoned, a reader could throw away this group of 19 and the other letters to friends could be preserved for posterity.

These letters were sent to his closest friends, which many times were well known figures to the public. So that he would not devulge their identity, he withheld these particular 19 letters and published this book "without a name" on any letter. Among these public figures were Philippe de Cabassoles, bishop of Cavaillon; Cola di Rienzo, an Italian medieval political leader; Francesco Nelli, secretary to the bishop Angelo Acciaioli I; Niccola di Capoccia, an Italian Cardinal; Lapo da Castiglionchio of Florence; Rinaldo Cavalchini, the son of the notary Oliviero; Stefano Colonna the Elder, the son of Giovanni Colonna who was one of the most important political figures in Rome, and Ildebrandino Conti, a bishop of Padua. In Letter 19 there was an appendix added addressed to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV as a final plea to move the papacy back to Rome. [Zacour, Norman P., "Petrarch's Book Without A Name"; translation of "Liber Sine Nomine", Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, Toronto, Canada (1973), ISBN 0-88844-260-2]

Petrarch here writes of the wheel of Lady Fortune,::"Furthermore, it was a Roman who said "everything that is born must die; all things that grow, grow old." In time, therefore, all things grow old. Indeed, if the end of anything is its old age, then everything not already senile is certainly becoming so: for everything upright eventually falls and the fall is either preceded or at least accompanied by old age. There is no exception; whether they last long or not, all growing things sooner or later decline and waste away. Inconstant Fortune will turn her wheel ceaselessly, and will toss transient kingdoms from one people to another. In her wilfulness she will fashion kings out of slaves and slaves out of kings. She will wield her irresistible power over the city of Rome and the Roman world." [Ibid., citing Sallust, "Jugurthine War II", 3]

Notes

ee also

*Biblical names

External links

* [http://petrarch.freeservers.com/ The Petrarchan Grotto ]
* [http://www.bibliotecaitaliana.it:6336/dynaweb/bibit/autori/p/petrarca/epistole_sine_nomine/ "Liber Sine Nomine" in Latin]
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11778a.htm Petrarch from "Catholic Encyclopedia"]
*gutenberg author|id=Petrarch|name=Petrarch
* [http://www.sonnets.org/petrarch.htm Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) (1304-1374)]
* [http://www.timenloe.net/?p=342 Societas Christiana on Liber Sine nomine on letter # 4]
* [http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/watt/lectures3.html UFL lecture notes discusses Petrarch's letter # 3 to Cola di Rienzo in 1347]
* [http://www.loselle.com/neh/jewellb.htm Petrarch’s Posthumously Published Letters on the Corruption of the Papacy]
* [http://www.nexusmagazine.com/articles/Papacy2.html NEXUS "The Criminal History of the Papacy" speaks of Petrarch's various letters]
* [http://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/0472109944.pdf Renaissance Humanism and the Papal Curia, Ch 2, letter V to Lapo da Castiglionchio]

Bibliographical references

* Norman P. Zacour's trans. "Liber Sine Nomine" titled: "Petrarch's Book Without A Name", Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, Toronto, Canada (1973); ISBN 0-88844-260-2
* M.E. Cosenza, "Francesco Petrarca and the Revolution of Coli di Rienzo", (Chicago University Press 1913)
* Paul Piur, "Petrarca 'Buch obne Namen' und die papsliche Kuri" (Halle/Saale: Max Niemeyer, 1925).
* John E. Wrigley "A Papal Secret known to Petrarch", Speculum, XXXIX (1964), pp. 613 - 634.
* E. H. Wilkins, "Petrarch's Correspondence", (Padue: Editrice Antenore, 1960).
* E. H. Wilkins, "Petrarch at Vaucluse", (University of Chicago Press 1958).
* J.H. Robinson, "Petrarch, First Modern Scholar", (New York 1898).
* V. Rossi, "Epistolae Familiares", volume 4, (Florence 1926)