Janine Haines

Janine Haines, AM (8 May 1945–20 November 2004), Australian politician, was the first female federal parliamentary leader of an Australian political party. An Australian Democrat, she was also the first member of that party to enter the federal parliament after the party's formation. She was pivotal in "shaping the Australian Democrats into a powerful political entity that held the balance of power in the Senate".Murphy (2004) p. 36]

Life

She was born in Tanunda, South Australia, to a schoolteacher mother and policeman father, and travelled around South Australia with her parents and younger brother, due to her father's job. They eventually settled in Adelaide and she attended Brighton High School. She married Ian Haines, whom she met at Adelaide University where they were both studying mathematics, in 1967. They had two daughters, Melanie and Bronwyn. She taught English part-time and commenced an MA thesis on the poet John Shaw Neilson but this was interrupted when she suffered a severe whiplash injury in a car accident.

She died in 2004, at age 59, from a degenerative neurological condition, and was honoured with a state funeral in Adelaide [ [http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/State-funeral-for-Democrats-pioneer/2004/11/23/1100972373748.html?from=moreStories The Age, 23/11/2004] ] .

Political career

She became the assistant of Robin Millhouse, an important player in the South Australian conservative party the Liberal and Country League. Millhouse founded the Liberal Movement and the short-lived New LM which merged into the Australian Democrats in 1977.

She was appointed to fill a casual vacancy in the Senate by the Labor premier Don Dunstan, on 14 December 1977. [ [http://www.aph.gov.au/library/handbook/historical/senate/cotton.kingsmill.htm Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia: Cotton-Kingsmill] ] Dunstan was constitutionally obliged to appoint a senator from the same party as the resigning Senator Steele Hall, who had been elected as a representative of the former Liberal Movement. Hall had in fact joined the Liberal Party. Controversially, Dunstan chose a member of the Australian Democrats, regarding it as the successor party to the Liberal Movement despite the fact that a majority of LM ex-members joined the Liberal Party.Fact|date=December 2007 However, Haines had stood on the same Liberal Movement ticket from which Hall had been elected in 1975.

Haines did not contest the Australian federal election, 1977, [ [http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/australia/1977/1977senatesa.txt Psephos: Adam Carr's Election Archive] ] and her Senate term expired on 30 June 1978. She was elected for a six-year term at the Australian federal election, 1980. On 14 August 1986, she was chosen by Democrats members as Senate leader on the retirement of inaugural leader Don Chipp.

She remained Senate leader until resigning to contest the House of Representatives seat of Kingston in the March 1990 election, believing the Democrats needed a "high profile lower house presence". She was unsuccessful in the face of a negative campaign waged against her by both major parties. She was succeeded as interim Senate leader for several months by deputy Dr Michael Macklin (Qld), pending the customary election of a new leader by party members, at which Janet Powell was successful. In 2001, she supported her close friend Meg Lees for leadership of the party against Natasha Stott Despoja.

Later career

After leaving parliament she worked in a number of public positions including being president of the Australia Privacy Charter Council and deputy chancellor of the University of Adelaide.

Haines was invested with membership of the Order of Australia (AM) on 11 June 2001.

Janine Haines wrote a book "Suffrage to Sufferance: One Hundred Years of Women in Politics" (Allen and Unwin, North Sydney, 1992, ISBN 1-86373-365-5) which has been a prescribed text in universities and schools.

Notes

References

*Murphy, Damien (2004) "A pivotal force to be reckoned with: Janine Haines, Politician, 1945-2004" (Obituary) in "The Sydney Morning Herald", 2004-11-24, p. 36

External links

* [http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Janine-Haines-dies-aged-59/2004/11/21/1100972254636.html Obituary in "Sydney Morning Herald, 21/11/2004] "
* [http://www.democrats.org.au/campaigns/tribute_to_janine_haines/ Tribute to Janine Haines]
* [http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/senators/homepages/first_speech/sfs-8u4.htm First speech of Senator Meg Lees]
* [http://www.democrats.org.au/docs/2004/J_Haines_condolences_(c).pdf Collection of parliamentary condolence speeches]
* [http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?show=simple Search Australian Honours]