Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction
- Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction
Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction (JCRR) Established in 1948. After intensive lobbying by Y.C. James Yen, the American Congress included a provision in the China Aid Act of 1948 to fund an independent entity which would take advantage of Yen's experience in the Rural Reconstruction Movement. The JCRR was led by five commissioners, three of whom were Chinese, appointed by the Chinese government, and two of whom were American, appointed by the American President. On the mainland, during the last days of the Chinese Civil War the JCRR carried out a program of rent reduction, guarantee of tenure security, and formation of cooperatives, in addition to expansion of the agronomic and irrigation programs. By one estimate, this was the largest non-Communist land reform program in China before 1949.
But with the impending defeat of the Guomindang, the JCRR moved to Taiwan, where under the leadership of Chiang Monlin it supervised major land reform, agricultural improvement, and education projects.
References
Tsung-han Shen, "The Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction: Twenty Years of Cooperation for Agricultural Development" (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1970).
Joseph A. Yager, "Transforming Agriculture in Taiwan: The Experience of the Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction" (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988).
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Rural Reconstruction Movement — Started in China in the 1920s by Y.C. James Yen, Liang Shuming, and others to revive the Chinese village. They strove for a middle way, independent of the Nationalist government but in competition with the radical revolutionary approach to the… … Wikipedia
Mouvement de reconstruction rurale — Le Mouvement de Reconstruction Rurale (MRR) a été lancé en Chine dans les années 1920 par Y.C. James Yen, Liang Shuming et d autres intellectuels désireux de faire revivre les villages chinois en proie aux évènements historiques de l époque. S… … Wikipédia en Français
Council of Agriculture — 農業委員會 Nóngyè Wěiyuánhuì Agency overview Formed … Wikipedia
Land reform — Land reforms (also agrarian reform, though that can have a broader meaning) is an often controversial alteration in the societal arrangements whereby government administers possession and use of land. Land reform may consist of a government… … Wikipedia
Y. C. James Yen — Yen, Y.C. James (Chinese 晏阳初 Yan Yangchu) 1890 1990. Yen, known to his many English speaking friends as Jimmy, was a Chinese educator and organizer who turned to the villages of China to organize Rural Reconstruction, most famously at Ding Xian,… … Wikipedia
A Conversation with Lee Teng-hui — ▪ 1997 Encyclopædia Britannica was honoured to have the opportunity to speak with Lee Teng hui, who in March 1996 won a landslide victory in the first direct presidential elections in the Republic of China (Taiwan). The interview, which… … Universalium
Jiang Menglin — This is a Chinese name; the family name is Jiang. Jiang Menglin Born 2 … Wikipedia
History of the Republic of China — This article is about the history of the state which currently governs Taiwan Area. For the history of Taiwan, see History of Taiwan For the history of China / Mainland China, see History of China and History of People s Republic of China. A Rand … Wikipedia
TAIWAN — Taiwan, ou Formose (la «Belle», du portugais ilha Formosa ), est une île, aujourd’hui siège de la république de Chine, cependant que la république populaire de Chine la considère comme une partie de son territoire. Elle est séparée de la Chine… … Encyclopédie Universelle
History of Taiwan — This article discusses the history of Taiwan (including the Pescadores). For history of the polity which currently governs Taiwan, see history of the Republic of China.The island of Taiwan (excluding the Pescadores) was first populated by… … Wikipedia
