Royal Gallery of Illustration

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From 1855 to about 1876, it hosted the entertainments produced by Thomas German-Reed and his wife, Priscilla, a theatrical couple who specialized in brief, humorous musical sketches and impersonations aimed at a "respectable" middle- to upper-class audience. It was also home to a wide variety of other entertainments, including numerous moving panoramas, dioramas, and lectures.

The Gallery was an intimate 500-seat theatre and, according to contemporary accounts, was "one of the most popular and fashionable places of recreation in the Metropolis." The address is presently the site of an office tower.

Description of the entertainments

Under the German-Reeds, the entertainments presented at the Gallery usually consisted of one or two brief comic operas designed for a small number of characters (due to the small size of the Gallery's stage). These eventually became "Mr. And Mrs. German Reeds Entertainments". They called the establishment, euphemistically, the "Gallery of Illustration," rather than a theatre, and the pieces were called "entertainments" or "illustrations", eschewing the words "music hall", "play", "extravaganza", "melodrama" or "burlesque", in order to avoid the poor reputation among the British public of musical theatres. Reed himself composed the music for many of these pieces, and often appeared in them, along with Mrs. German Reed. Reed experimented with what he called "opera di camera" - small chamber operas by young composers. There was nothing else like this establishment in London. The Gallery rapidly achieved popularity.

The accompaniment consisted of piano, harmonium and sometimes a harp. But the German Reeds were able to attract fine young composers such as Molloy, Clay, Sullivan, and Cellier, the best scenic designers for their tiny stage, and the best young writers from "Punch" and "Fun" magazines. At first, the entertainments utilized a cast of three, but by the mid-1860s, they had expanded to pieces with a cast of four. Often the pieces' plots involved mistaken identities and disguises. In addition to Mr. and Mrs. German Reed, Fanny Holland appeared in scores of the entertainments beginning in 1869 and, except for two years, continuously thereafter until 1895. Many of the entertainments were written by her husband, Arthur Law.

Notable productions

In 1857, the Gallery hosted a command performance before Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Wilkie Collins and Charles Dickens's play "The Frozen Deep". It was also home to some of the earliest productions of W. S. Gilbert, including "No Cards" (1869), "Ages Ago" (1869), "Our Island Home" (1870), "A Sensation Novel" (1871), and "Happy Arcadia" (1872). Reed also mounted the first professional production of Arthur Sullivan and F. C. Burnand's "Cox and Box" (1867) and commissioned a second opera from the pair, "The Contrabandista" (1867). Alfred Cellier and Arthur Cecil's "Dora's Dream" premiered in 1873.

References

* [http://www.victorianlondon.org/entertainment2/galleryofillustration.htm Lee Jackson's Victorian London page on the Gallery of Illustration]
*cite book|last=Williamson|first=David, ed.|year=1895|title=The German Reeds and Corney Grain; records and reminiscences|locatin=London|publisher=A.D. Innes
*cite book|last=Stedman|first=Jane, ed.|year=1967|title=Gilbert Before Sullivan|locatin=Chicago|publisher=University of Chicago Press

External links

* [http://www.victorianlondon.org/entertainment2/galleryofillustration.htm Information about the Gallery of Illustration]
* [http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/GEO_GNU/GERMAN_REED_ENTERTAINMENT.html Encyclopedia entry about the Gallery's entertainments]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?intldl/carroll:@field(DOCID+lchtml003401) Description of an "Illustrative Gathering"]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=a1g4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA226&lpg=PA226&dq=%22priscilla+horton%22+macready+ariel&source=web&ots=h2MOVsBgBQ&sig=VQ5ixhF1C4QFflhSBz52hZ7FrtI Description of Horton and John Orlando Parry]
* [http://www.cris.com/~oakapple/gasdisc/reed_operas.htm Information and links about Gilbert's works for the Gallery]
* [http://math.boisestate.edu/GaS/whowaswho/H/HollandFanny.htm Information about Fanny Holland, who performed in scores of entertainments at the gallery]