Thirtieth dynasty of Egypt

Thirtieth dynasty of Egypt

The Thirtieth Dynasty of ancient Egypt followed Nectanebo I's deposition of Nefaarud II, the son of Hakor. This dynasty is often considered part of the Late Period.

Nectanebo I had gained control of all of Egypt by November of 380 BC, but spent much of his reign defending his kingdom from Persian reconquest with the occasional help of Sparta or Athens. In 365, Nectanebo made his son Teos co-king and heir, and until his death in 363 father and son reigned together. After his father's death, Teos invaded the Persian territories of modern Syria and Israel and was beginning to meet with some successes when he lost his throne due the machinations of his own son Tjahepimu. [Nicolas Grimal, A History of Ancient Egypt, Blackwell Books: 1992, p.377] Tjahepimu took advantage of Teos' unpopularity within Egypt by declaring his son--and Teos' grandson--Nectanebo II--king. The Egyptian army rallied around Nectanebo which forced Taos to flee to the court of the king of Persia. [Grimal, op. cit., p.379]

Nectanebo II's reign was dominated by the efforts of the Persian rulers to reconquer Egypt, which they considered a satrapy in revolt. For the first ten years, Nectanebo avoided the Persian reconquest because Artaxerxes III was forced to consolidate his control of the realm. Artaxerxes then attempted an unsuccessful invasion of Egypt in the winter of 351/350 BC; the repercussions of his defeat prompted revolts in Cyprus, Phoenicia, and Cilicia. [Grimal, op. cit., p.379-380] Although Nectanebo gave support to these revolts, Artaxerxes would eventually suppress these rebellions and was once again able to invade Egypt in 343 BC. This second invasion proved successful, and Nectanebo was forced to withdraw from his defenses in the Nile Delta to Memphis, where he saw that his cause was lost. He thereupon fled south to Nubia, where he is assumed to found refuge at the court of King Nastesen of Napata. Nectanebo, however, may have managed to maintain some form of independent rule in the south of Egypt for 2 more years since a document from Edfu is dated to his eighteenth year. [Grimal, op. cit., p.380-381]

Although a shadowy rebel Khababash proclaimed himself king (338 - 336 BC), Nectanebo has been considered the last pharaoh of Egypt, and his flight marked the end of Egypt as an independent entity. [Grimal, op. cit., p.381]

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Twenty-eighth dynasty of Egypt — The Twenty Eighth Dynasty is often combined with other groupings of rulers of ancient Egypt under the title, Late Period. These other groupings include the Twenty Sixth, Twenty Seventh, Twenty Ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty First… …   Wikipedia

  • Egypt — • Provides information on history, religion, and literature Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Egypt     Egypt     † …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Teos of Egypt — Teos Djedhor, Djedher, Takhos Pharaoh of Egypt Reign 362–360 BC, 30th Dynasty Predecessor Nectanebo I …   Wikipedia

  • Abydos, Egypt — Abydos (Egyptian Abdju, 3bdw , Arabic: أبيدوس, Greek Αβυδος), one of the most ancient cities of Upper Egypt, is about 11 km (6 miles) west of the Nile at latitude 26° 10 N. The Egyptian name of both the eighth Nome of Upper Egypt and its capital… …   Wikipedia

  • History of ancient Egypt — The History of ancient Egypt spans the period from the early predynastic settlements of the northern Nile Valley to the Roman conquest in 30 BC. The Pharaonic Period is dated from around 3150 BC, when Lower and Upper Egypt became a unified state …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of ancient Egypt — Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BC (according to conventional… …   Wikipedia

  • Ancient Egypt — was an ancient civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern nation of Egypt. The civilization began around 3150 BC [Only after 664 BC are dates secure. See Egyptian… …   Wikipedia

  • Late Period of ancient Egypt — The Late Period of Egypt refers to the last flowering of native Egyptian rulers after the Third Intermediate Period from the 26th Saite Dynasty into Persian conquests and ended with the death of Alexander the Great. It ran from 664 BC until 323… …   Wikipedia

  • Han Dynasty — 漢朝 ← 206 BCE–220 CE …   Wikipedia

  • Nectanebo II — Nakhthorheb …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”