Villa Pojana

Villa Pojana or Poiana, is a patrician villa in Pojana Maggiore, a locality of the Veneto region of (northern Italy). It was designed by the Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio. It is conserved as part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site, "City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto".

History

The Villa Pojana was built in the years 1548-1549 for Bonifacio Pojana, a member of the Pojana family who had been local landowners for centuries. Bonifacio's military background is expressed on the one hand by the severity and austere purity of the architecture [ Michelangelo Muraro, Paolo Marton; "Venetian Villas"; Konemann; Germany ISBN 3-89508-242-2 (p.134) ] and on the other hand by the decorative programme described below.

Architectural details

Palladio's design was inspired by ancient Roman baths, which he had studied during a trip to Rome. [ [http://www.cisapalladio.org/veneto/scheda.php?sezione=4&architettura=41&lingua=e] ] The main floor is characterized by a large hall with a barrel vault ceiling (see also Villa Pisani (Bagnolo)). At each side of the central hall, secondary rooms extend, each with a different type of vault. Villa Pojana remains one of the most curious examples of Palladio's architecture even though the Villa was never completed and some of its latter development strayed from Palladio's original design. Of what was built, Palladio demonstrated some of his most creative work, especially in the building's main feature on the façade, a serliana with five circular holes ("oculi"), inspired from ancient Roman models, yet not derivative from any specific source. Other notable elements are the broken pediment, stripped classical features, and statues that depict both military and agricultural deities.

Decorative Details

Palladio himself documented the interior decorations as being by Bernardino India, Anselma Canera, and Bartolomeo Ridolfi. [ Venetian Villas (p.134)]

In the atrium, elegant stucco frames, whose floral designs entwine around "trompe l'oeil" reliefs, enclose monochromes of river gods, while here and there appear patches of sky populated with other deities. The bust of Bonifacio Pojana looks down from over the main entrance, and above him are the family's coat of arms and military trophies. Other decorations depict Pompeian scenes with the backgrounds and landscapes strewn with picturesque ruins and broken columns, whilst monochromatic figures of warriors stand watch in the trompe l'oeil niches.

The most significant fresco can be found in the central hall: called the "Emperor's Salon" it shows a family from classical times, dressed in tunics and togas. They kneel in front of an altar whilst the pater familias extinguishes the tourch of war at the feet of the statue of "Peace" which stands on the altar. It is a clear allusion to the peace painfully achieved in the sixteenth century after the War of the League of Cambrai which allowed Venetians to enjoy the delights of the "terra firma." [ Venetian Villas (p.134) ] ----

References

See also