Daily Times of Nigeria

Daily Times of Nigeria

Publisher	Folio Communications
Founded	6 June 1925
Headquarters	Lagos
Official website	http://www.dailytimes.com.ng/

The Daily Times of Nigeria is a newspaper with headquarters in Lagos, Nigeria. At its peak, in the 1970s, it was one of the most successful locally owned businesses in Africa.^[1] The paper went into decline after it was purchased by the government in 1975. What was left was sold to a private investor in 2004. Operations were suspended in 2007. As of April 2011 the fate of the paper was uncertain, being the subject of various lawsuits.

Early years

The Daily Times of Nigeria was incorporated on 6 June 1925 by Richard Barrow, Adeyemo Alakija and others. They printed the first copy as The Nigerian Daily Times on 1 June 1926.^[2] Adeyemo Alakija was an African barrister while the other founders represented European interest groups in the Lagos chamber of commerce.^[3][4] Ernest Ikoli was the first editor and Adeyemo Alakija was Chairman of the Board.^[5] Both men became involved with the nationalist Nigerian Youth Movement. Later, Ikoli became a member of the Legislative Council in 1941, while Alakija was appointed to the governor's Executive Council in 1943.^[6]

In the early 1930s the pan-Africanist Dusé Mohamed Ali joined the paper as a journalist at the age of 65. He later moved on to found the influential journal The Comet.^[7] The Daily Times became a popular voice of the nationalist movement. Education was one of the first issues. In a 1934 editorial the paper opposed Native Authority schools, which they saw as controlled by stooges of the colonial administration, and advocated independent mission schools.^[8] The first tertiary institute in the colony, Yaba College, opened in January 1934. The Nigerian Daily Times described it as "a grand idea, and imposing structure, resting on rather weak foundations ... we wish to declare emphatically that this country will not be satisfied with an inferior brand [of education] such as the present scheme seems to threaten".^[9]

R. B. Paul, a Liverpool businessman, bought the paper in 1935.^[2] When Nnamdi Azikiwe ("Zik") launched his West African Pilot in 1937, dedicated to fighting for independence from British colonial rule, established papers such as the Nigerian Daily Times lost a large part of their audience. The Daily Times responded by raising foreign capital and injecting fresh blood into the editorial team.^[4] By the end of World War II in 1945, the Daily Times was outspokenly hostile towards colonial rule.^[10]

Peak years

In 1947 the London-based Daily Mirror Group, headed by Cecil King, bought the Daily Times, the Gold Coast Daily Graphic, the Accra Sunday Mirror and the Sierra Leone Daily Mail. King introduced the first privately-owned rotary printing press in Nigeria, plus photo-engraving, typesetting and typecasting plants. He imported skilled journalists but followed a deliberate Africanization policy. The Mirror Group introduced popular innovations such as short paragraphs and sentences, many illustrations and photos, and human interest stories.^[11] The paper's circulation rose from 25,000 daily in 1950 to 95,000 in 1959.^[3] During the 1950s the Nigerian Daily Times played an important role in the process that led to independence in 1960.^[10]

Ismail Babatunde Jose had joined the paper in 1941 as a technical trainee. He was soon promoted to reporter, then regional correspondent and eventually assistant editor. Cecil King appointed him editor in 1957. Jose became managing director in 1962 and chairman in 1968. He changed the name of the flagship newspaper to its present Daily Times of Nigeria on 30 May 1963.^[2] Jose was in charge at a time when the oil boom was starting in Nigeria and advertising revenue was plentiful. Jose hired young graduates and trained them to become self-confident, independent reporters and columnists.^[1] In 1965 he established the Times Journalism Institute, which was still training journalists forty years later.^[12]

In 1957 the newspaper sponsored the first beauty pageant in Nigeria, Miss Nigeria, and ran the pageant without competition for many years. Rosemary Anieze, Miss Nigeria of 1960, was named Miss Independence. She was one of the most publicized beauty queens in the history of Nigeria.^[13][14] In 1963 the Daily Times launched the magazines Modern Woman and the Flamingo.^[5] Starting in 1963, ownership of the paper was gradually transferred to Nigerians, a process that was completed by 31 March 1974.^[2] By the 1970s the paper dominated the Nigerian publishing industry with a string of related papers and magazines.^[1] By 1975 the Daily Times had grown to a circulation of 275,000 copies while the Sunday Times reached 400,000. No other Nigerian newspaper has achieved such levels apart from MKO Abiola's Daily Concord in the early 1990s.^[15]

Public ownership

The Federal Government of Nigeria acquired 60% of the Daily Times and its main rival, the New Nigerian Newspaper, on 1 September 1975. A government statement read: "The Federal Military Government wants to state that its acquisition of the total ownership of New Nigeria and equity (60%) of DTN [Daily Times of Nigeria] will in no manner contrail the independence of the newspapers published by the 2 establishments. Government wants to underline its policy of full support of press freedom at all times". This statement was questionable since the takeover was clearly designed to reduce criticism of the military government.^[5] In March 1976, Jose was forced out of his position.^[1] In 1977 the government assumed total ownership and control.^[2]

Daily Times Editor in Chief Onyema Ugochukwu (right) with British Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher (center), and Yemi Ogunbiyi (left) at 10 Downing Street on 5 May 1989

At first the paper did retain a degree of editorial independence. In 1979 the Evening News, owned by the Daily Times, published an article saying that Chief Rotimi Williams was being sued by the children of a deceased client. Rotimi successfully sued the government-owned newspaper for libel.^[16] In the 1980s and into the 1990s the paper ran frequent editorials denouncing corruption and deploring the decline in morals.^[17] In 1981 the editor, Tony Momoh, was summoned to appear bofore the Senate led by its President, Joseph Wayas, on charges of contempt. In what became a cause celebre, Momoh established the right for his paper to protect its sources.^[18] In a 1983 editorial the Nigerian Daily Times said "..the rate of corruption, bribery, indiscipline, immorality, cheating, idleness, drug addiction, armed robbery, smuggling and other vices has currently assumed an alarming proportion in this country".^[17]

Onyema Ugochukwu had risen through the ranks, becoming the first editor of the Business Times before going to London in 1983 for a four-year stint as Editor of West Africa magazine. When he returned in 1987 he was appointed editor-in-chief of the Daily Times. In April 1990, the editor of The Punch was arrested for publishing a cartoon that implied Nigerians were unhappy that a recent attempted coup by Gideon Orkar had failed. As president of the Nigerian Guild of Editors, Ugochukwu coordinated a campaign to persuade the government to release The Punch's editor. Ugochukwu played a conciliatory role between the press and the military government until he resigned from the paper as Executive Director of Publications in 1994.^[19]

Circulation steadily declined as the administrations of Generals Ibrahim Babangida and Sani Abacha tightened control over the newspaper in the 1990s, and the public turned to livelier independent publications.^[2] The newspaper was mismanaged. On 16 December 1998, shortly before the return to civilian rule, hundreds of workers of the Daily Times began an indefinite strike because their salaries were five months in arrears.^[20] Under the civilian administration of President Olusegun Obasanjo, the Bureau of Public Enterprises started the process of returning the Daily Times to private ownership. After a failed attempt at a public offer (IPO), the Daily Times Nigeria Plc was advertised for sale in 2003. In 2004 Folio Communications was approved as the preferred bidder, gaining control with 96.5% of shares.^[21]

Folio Communications

The sale process was confused, resulting in various lawsuits. Former employees did not receive their termination benefits.^[22] Later, Folio did pay some of the employees who had been laid off when the newspaper was closed in 2007, but many had not been paid by 2010 despite efforts by their Union to obtain the money owed them.^[23] Folio Communications, who formally took over the media giant on 14 March 2007, was accused of asset-stripping. According to the main owner, Fidelis Anosike, the Daily Times had large real estate holdings but the equipment and buildings were obsolete. Anosike said he appointed Ben Okoye to handle disposal of some assets to fund modernization. When Okoye and his friend, Senator Ikechukwu Obiorah, realized the extent of the real estate assets they started planning a hostile takeover and initiated court proceedings to prevent the company being turned around before then.^[21]

In April 2010 the Attorney-General of the Federation filed a 21-count charge of conspiracy and stealing of over N3 billion worth of property belonging to Daily Times of Nigeria against the brothers Fidelis and Noel Anosike, owners of Folio Communications.^[24] In March 2011, a Federal High Court sitting in Lagos quashed the charges against the Anosikes.^[24] A Lagos High Court also cleared Senator Ikechukwu Obiora from being investigated by the police over an alleged issuance of dud cheques to Folio Communications.^[23] Later that month another judge failed to uphold the annulment of the charges against the owners. As of April 2011, the print newspaper had still not restarted production.^[21]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d} "Ismail Babatunde Jose: Newspaper editor who dominated journalism in Nigeria for three decades". The Independent. 25 September 2008. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ismail-babatunde-jose-newspaper-editor-who-dominated-journalism-in-nigeria-for-three-decades-941408.html. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "About Us". Daily Times. http://www.dailytimes.com.ng/content/about-us. Retrieved 15 May 2011. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Kalu Ezera (1964). Constitutional developments in Nigeria: an analytical study of Nigeria's constitution-making developments and the historical and political factors that affected constitutional change. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. http://books.google.ca/books?id=ltc8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA51. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Luke Uka Uche (1989). Mass media, people, and politics in Nigeria. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 94–96. ISBN 817022232X. http://books.google.ca/books?id=bX7aJ8faPvoC&pg=PA94. 
5. ^ ^{a b c} IGOMU ONOJA (August 2005). "THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF NEWS REPORTAGE AND PRESENTATION OF NEWS IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF TELEVISION NEWS". University of Jos. http://dspace.unijos.edu.ng/bitstream/10485/867/1/The%20Political%20Economy%20of%20News%20Reportage.pdf. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
6. ^ James S. Coleman (1971). Nigeria: background to nationalism. University of California Press. pp. 227, 153. ISBN 0520020707. http://books.google.ca/books?id=ZOgdDZlJqG8C&pg=PA227. 
7. ^ Abiola Irele, Biodun Jeyifo (2010). The Oxford encyclopedia of African thought, Volume 1. Oxford University Press US. p. 67. ISBN 0195334736. http://books.google.ca/books?id=hF_xjFL6_NEC&pg=PA67. 
8. ^ Nicholas Ibeawuchi Omenka (1989). The school in the service of evangelization: the Catholic educational impact in eastern Nigeria, 1886-1950. BRILL. p. 231. ISBN 9004086323. http://books.google.ca/books?id=qYQEUH--BO0C&pg=PA231. 
9. ^ Nwauwa, Apollos Okwuchi (1997). Imperialism, academe, and nationalism: Britain and university education for Africans, 1860-1960. Routledge. p. 60. ISBN 0714646687. http://books.google.ca/books?id=_Lau0OF-6N4C&pg=PA60. 
10. ^ ^{a b} Adebayo Adesoye (2010). Sojourn: Emeritus Professor V. A. Oyenuga's Biography. Dorrance Publishing. p. 96. ISBN 1434980596. http://books.google.ca/books?id=xv7381O0EskC&pg=PA96. 
11. ^ Louise Manon Bourgault (1995). Mass media in sub-Saharan Africa. Indiana University Press. p. 156. ISBN 0253312507. http://books.google.ca/books?id=egV-LkASXCgC&pg=PA156. 
12. ^ Alex Mabayoje (January 9, 2006). "Times Journalism Institute is 40". Newswatch. http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/allaccess/bob/10109113302.htm. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
13. ^ "Incredible lives of ex-beauty queens". New African Press. April 17, 2010. http://newafricanpress.com/2010/04/17/incredible-lives-of-ex-beauty-queens/. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
14. ^ Max Amuchie (16 June 2001). "Behold, the Toronto Queen". Daily Sun. http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/06/16/20010616ext01.html. Retrieved 17 May 2011. 
15. ^ Kaye Whiteman (25 August 2008). "Babatunde Jose Legendary doyen of Nigerian journalism". Guardian UK. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/aug/25/pressandpublishing2. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
16. ^ "Chief F.R.A.Williams v Daily Times Nigeria Ltd, Supreme Court case"]. Nigeria Law. 9 January 1990. http://www.nigeria-law.org/Chief%20F.R.A.Williams%20v%20Daily%20Times%20Nigeria%20Ltd.htm. Retrieved 15 May 2011. 
17. ^ ^{a b} Michael G. Schatzberg (2001). Political legitimacy in Middle Africa: father, family, food. Indiana University Press. p. 171. ISBN 0253214823. http://books.google.ca/books?id=NmG4rc3q7B8C&pg=PA171. 
18. ^ FRANCIS FAMOROTI (18/04/2011). "How Momoh tackled Senate over press freedom". National Mirror. http://nationalmirroronline.net/features/10287.html. Retrieved 2011-06-18. 
19. ^ Tunde Olusunle and Dan Okereke (8 November 2009). "The Journalist as a Patriot – Onyema Ugochukwu at 65". Vanguard. http://allafrica.com/stories/200911090135.html?page=2. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
20. ^ Moses Uchendu (16 December 1998). "Daily Times Workers Begin Strike". P.M. News. http://allafrica.com/stories/199812160115.html. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
21. ^ ^{a b c} Chuks Ohuegbe And Louis Achi (5 April 2011). "High-Wired Sabotage's Delaying Daily Times Full Rebirth - Anosike". Leadership. http://allafrica.com/stories/201104070612.html. Retrieved 15 May 2011. 
22. ^ "The strike threat by electricity workers". Daily Independent. Apr, 28 2011. http://www.independentngonline.com/DailyIndependent/Article.aspx?id=32886. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
23. ^ ^{a b} Emma Maduabuchi (28 March 2011). "As the Anosikes Battle for Daily Times". Daily Independent. http://allafrica.com/stories/201103290375.html. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 
24. ^ ^{a b} Innocent Anaba (MARCH 10, 2011). "Daily Times: Court quashes charges against Anosike, others". Vanguard. http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/03/daily-times-court-quashes-charges-against-anosike-others/. Retrieved 15 May 2011.