Mitraphylline

Mitraphylline
IUPAC name Mitraphylline
Identifiers
CAS number	509-80-8
Properties
Molecular formula	C21H24N2O4
Molar mass	368.1736 g/mol
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Mitraphylline, an oxindole derivative, is an active alkaloid in the leaves of the trees Mitragyna Speciosa, commonly known as Kratom. As a non-narcotic constituent, it also occurs to a significant amount in the bark of Uncaria tomentosa, Cat’s Claw, along with a number of isomeric alkaloids.^[1] Due to its structural similarity to Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine from Kratom, effects on mu and Delta opiate receptors as well as NMDA-antagonistic actions have been postulated.

Current research is focussing on antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects and its in-vivo efficacy to induce apoptosis in human breast cancer, sarcoma as well as lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines. ^{[2] [3]}

See also

• Mitragynine
• 7-hydroxymitragynine
• Kratom

References

1. ^ H. Stuppner, S. Sturm, and G. Konwalinka, (1992). "HPLC analysis of the main oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa". Chromatographia 34 11-12; 597-604. doi:10.1007/bf02269869
2. ^ García Giménez D, García Prado E, Sáenz Rodríguez T, Fernández Arche A, De la Puerta R. (2010). “Cytotoxic effect of the pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid mitraphylline isolated from Uncaria tomentosa bark on human Ewing's sarcoma and breast cancer cell lines”. Planta Med 76 (2): 133-136. PMID 19724995
3. ^ Bacher N, Tiefenthaler M, Sturm S, Stuppner H, Ausserlechner MJ, Kofler R, Konwalinka G. (2006). “Oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce apoptosis in proliferating, G0/G1-arrested and bcl-2-expressing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells“. Br. J. Haematol. : 132 (5): 615-622. PMID 16445836