John V Palaiologos

John V Palaiologos

Infobox Monarch
name =John V Palaiologos
Polytonic|Ίωάννης E΄ Παλαιολόγος
title =Emperor of the Byzantine Empire


caption =
reign =1341 – 1376
(with John VI Kantakouzenos in 1347 – 1354 and
Matthew Kantakouzenos in 1353 – 1357)
1379 – 1390
1390 – 1391
predecessor =Andronikos IV Palaiologos
successor =Manuel II Palaiologos
spouse =Helena Kantakouzene
issue =Andronikos IV Palaiologos
Manuel II Palaiologos
Michael Palaiologos
Theodore I Palaiologos
Eirene Palaiologina
father =Andronikos III Palaiologos
mother =Anna of Savoy
dynasty =Palaiologos dynasty
date of birth =death date|1332|6|18|df=y
place of birth =
date of death =death date|1391|2|16|df=y
place of death =Constantinople|

John V Palaiologos or Palaeologus ( _el. Ιωάννης Ε' Παλαιολόγος, "Iōannēs V Palaiologos"), (18 June, 1332 – February 16, 1391) was the son of Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos and Anna of Savoy. His maternal grandparents were Count Amadeus V of Savoy and his second wife Maria of Brabant. He succeeded his father as Byzantine Emperor in 1341, at age nine.

Life

John VI Kantakouzenos, his father's friend, served as his regent and co-emperor (1347–1354), after having fought a civil war (1342–1347) against the regency for young John V headed by his mother Anna of Savoy, the Patriarch John XIV Kalekas and the "megas doux" Alexios Apokaukos. Forced to fight John Kantakouzenos, who had usurped the throne during his minority, John V became sole emperor in 1354. In 1343, Anna of Savoy pawned the Byzantine crown jewels for 30,000 Venetian ducats. His long reign was marked by the gradual dissolution of the imperial power. In his reign the Ottomans, led by Suleyman Paşa the son of the Ottoman sultan, took Adrianople and Philippopolis, and exacted tribute from the emperor. After the Ottoman Turks gained control of Gallipoli and threatened Constantinople, John V appealed to the West for help, proposing to end the schism between the Byzantine and Latin churches by submitting to the supremacy of the Roman Church. Impoverished by war, he was detained as a debtor when he visited Venice (1369). In 1371 he recognized the suzerainty of the Ottoman sultan Murad I, who later helped him to regain the throne (1379) after he was deposed by his son Andronikos IV Palaiologos in 1376. In 1390 his grandson, John VII Palaiologos, briefly usurped the throne, but was quickly overthrown. John V was succeeded by his son Manuel II Palaiologos. His younger son Theodore I Palaiologos succeeded to the so-called Despotate of Morea in 1383.

Towards the end of his reign, in 1390, John ordered the strengthening of the Constantinople Golden Gate, utilizing marble from the decayed churches in and around the city. Upon the completion of this construction, Bayezid I, threatening war and the blinding of his son Manuel (whom he held in captivity), demanded that John raze these new works. John V obeyed the Sultan's order, but is said to have suffered from this humiliation and, according to historians, died of a nervous shock on February 16, 1391.

Family

He married Helena Kantakouzene, daughter of John VI Kantakouzenos and Irene Asanina. They were parents of several children including:
# Andronikos IV Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor 1376-1379
# Manuel II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor 1391-1425
# Michael Palaiologos, "despotēs"
# Theodore I Palaiologos, "despotēs" in Morea
# Eirene Palaiologina, who married Halil, the son of Sultan Orhan of the Ottoman Empire

Ancestry

ahnentafel-compact5
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border=1
boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;
boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
1= 1. John V Palaiologos
2= 2. Andronikos III Palaiologos
3= 3. Anna of Savoy
4= 4. Michael IX Palaiologos
5= 5. Rita of Armenia
6= 6. Amadeus V, Count of Savoy
7= 7. Maria of Brabant
8= 8. Andronikos II Palaiologos
9= 9. Anna of Hungary
10= 10. Levon II of Armenia
11= 11. Keran of Armenia
12= 12. Thomas II, Count of Piedmont
13= 13. Beatrice di Fieschi
14= 14. John I, Duke of Brabant
15= 15. Margaret of Flanders
16= 16. Michael VIII Palaiologos
17= 17. Theodora Doukaina Vatatzina
18= 18. Stephen V of Hungary
19= 19. Elizabeth the Cuman
20= 20. Hetoum I of Armenia
21= 21. Zabel of Armenia
22= 22. Prince Hethum of Lampron
24= 24. Thomas I of Savoy
25= 25. Marguerite of Geneva
28= 28. Henry III, Duke of Brabant
29= 29. Aleidis of Burgundy
30= 30. Guy of Dampierre
31= 31. Matilda of Bethune

s-ttl|title=Byzantine Emperor|years=1341–1376
regent1=John VI Kantakouzenos|years1=1347–1354
regent2=Matthew Kantakouzenos|years2=1353–1357


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