Atta laevigata

Taxobox
name = "Atta laevigata"


image_width = 250px
image_caption = "Atta laevigata"
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Insecta
ordo = Hymenoptera
familia = Formicidae
genus = "Atta"
species = "A. laevigata"
binomial = "Atta laevigata"
binomial_authority = F. Smith, 1860

"Atta laevigata" is one of about a dozen species of leafcutter ants in the genus "Atta", found from Colombia south to Paraguay. This species is one of the largest leafcutter species, and can be recognized by the smooth and shining head of the largest workers in a colony. "Atta laevigata" is known in northern South America as "hormiga culona" (roughly translated as "large-bottomed ant) or as "bachaco". It has been eaten for hundreds of years, as a tradition inherited of pre-Columbian cultures as the Guanes. The ants are harvested for about nine weeks every year, at the time of the rainy season, which is when they make the nuptial flight; "A. laevigata" are used as traditional gifts in weddings. There are local beliefs that the ants are aphrodisiacs.

The harvesting is made for the local peasants who are often wounded by the ants, since they have strong mandibles. Only the queens are collected, because the other ants are not edible. The legs and wings are removed; after that, the ants are soaked in salty water and roasted in ceramic pans. The main centers of production of ants are the municipalities of San Gil and Barichara. From there, the trade of ants is extended to Bucaramanga and Bogotá, where the packages containing ants are often seen during the season. The exportation of this product is mainly made to Canada, England and Japan.

Analyses conducted in the Santander Industrial University about the nutritional value of the ants (Alfonso Villalobos et al, 1999) show high level of protein, very low levels of saturated fat, and an overall high nutritional value.

"Atta laevigata" is a temporary source of income for the poor peasant of the area, this and the competition for resources with more aggressive species of leafcutter ants ("arrieras") cause a progressive decrease of the population of ants, as estimated in recent studies (Santamaria et al. 2005) in a remaining of only a sixth of the existent population twelve years ago, and for this reason there is concern about its conservation status.

External links

* [http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2006/08/14/ants_ani.html?category=animals&guid=20060814113000 Crunchy, Big-Butt Ants Entice Gourmands] In Discovery Channel animal news. Retrieved December 26, 2006.