- Pedro Balmaceda
Infobox Person
name=Pedro Balmaceda
birth_date=birth date|1868|2|27|mf=y
dead=dead
birth_place=Santiago,Chile
death_date=death date and age|1889|6|1|1868|2|27|mf=y
death_place=Santiago,Chile Pedro Balmaceda Toro (
1868 -June 1 ,1889 ) was aChile an writer and journalist, considered the promotor of theModernismo school in Latin America.He was born in Santiago, the son of José Manuel Balmaceda Fernández and of
Emilia de Toro Herrera . Since a very early age he suffered from a severe spinal deformation when his nanny accidentally dropped him while he was just a few months old. This deformity was compounded with a heart ailment that eventually caused his death. His physical infirmities permeated his vision of the world and gave him a high regard for physical beauty that was to shape his writings.He was fluent in Greek and french, collected classic books and french magazines (specially the "Nouvelle Revue" and the "
Revue des deux mondes "), original works of art, silks and Chinese screens. He was a fervent admirer of French culture, without having ever set foot in France. His favorite musician wasChopin , and he was a very good piano player himself. He was also an avid reader ofThéophile Gautier ,Alfred de Musset and Paul de Saint Victor, and in his writings he used twopseudonym s: "A. de Gilbert" and "Jean de Luçon"; in short, he surrounded himself with an aura of decadent beauty, very similar to the symbolism that was his inspiration.His importance though is not to be found in his writings, but in his ability to identify and promote new artistic talents. His salons, some of which were held at his private apartments, some at the presidential palace of
La Moneda while his father was president, were the most important cultural gathering points of the time. He also promoted the creation of the old "Ateneo de Santiago". In 1886, he metRubén Darío , then a lonely, awkward, poor and unemployed 19 years-old immigrant, at the editorial room of the "La Epoca" newspaper, where he was a collaborator, and soon both became fast friends. From the very beginning Balmaceda became his mentor and protector. He introduced Darío to the Parnassian and Symbolist poets in his library: Leconte de Lisle,Catulle Mendes , Gautier, Beaudelaire and Verlaine. He financed the publication of his book "Abrojos" (1887), and was the main support behind "Azul" (1888).He died in Santiago on
June 1 ,1889 , at the age of 21. After his death, his newspaper articles were collected byManuel Rodríguez Mendoza into a volume called "Studies and Literary Essays". Darío was inEl Salvador when he learned of his death, and wrote a short tale in his memory:"The death of the Empress of China" ( _es. La muerte de la Emperatriz de China) and an essay in book form: "A. de Gilbert".Additional information
ee also
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Balmaceda family External links
* [http://www.memoriachilena.cl/mchilena01/temas/index.asp?id_ut=pedrobalmacedatoro(1868-1889) Short biography] es icon
* [http://www.oresteplath.cl/obra/colab%20diarios/14.html On the relationship between Darío and Balmaceda] es icon
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