Black holes in fiction

=Background science=

The concept of a body so massive that even light could not escape goes back to the late 18th century. With the development of General Relativity, it was realized that such bodies would have other odd properties. The idea was developed further, though the term 'black hole' was only coined in 1967 and did not become the norm until later. These hypothetical objects were also called "frozen stars".

Early uses

Eleanor Cameron's Juvenile SF novel "Stowaway to the Mushroom Planet" (1956)describes a group of meteors encountering, circling, and falling into a "hole in space"in which time stops and from which nothing can return.

Roger Zelazny's SF novel "Creatures of Light and Darkness" (1969) contains the concept, something called Skagganauk Abyss where there is no space or time.

The "Black Sun" in Arthur C. Clarke's "The City and the Stars" (1956) is sometimes interpreted as a black hole. It is definitely made so in Gregory Benford's "Beyond the Fall of Night" (1990).

Popularisation

As a growing number of scientists began to believe Black Holes were real, and as they began to appear in works of popular science, they also became frequent elements in Science Fiction stories:

* Larry Niven wrote several short stories based on mini-black holes, including "The Hole Man" (1974) and "The Borderland of Sol" in "Tales of Known Space", 1975.
* Frederik Pohl's Heechee series includes black holes of several sorts. This starts with "Gateway" (1976).
* Stephen Baxter's 2004 novel "Exultant" features a war between humans and aliens based around a supermassive black hole at the core of our galaxy.

Films

*"The Black Hole" (1979) was a major science fiction movie featuring a black hole.
* In "" (1979), it is stated that "Voyager 6" disappeared into "what they used to call a black hole".
* "Black Hole" is the title of a science fiction movie released in 2006. It is unrelated to the 1979 film.
* In "Event Horizon (film)" (1997), a spaceship is created to travel faster than light by a machine that creates an artificial black hole to travel to Alpha Centauri. The ship actually passes into an unknown dimension.

Television

* In the television SF-adventure series "Andromeda" (2000), a black hole slows time for the hero, allowing him to survive into a new era.
* Several adventures in the British television series "Doctor Who" feature black holes, notably "The Impossible Planet" and "The Satan Pit".
* In the "Blake's 7" story "Breakdown" the Liberator travels through a black hole.
*In the A Matter of Time (Stargate SG-1) a wormhole is opened to a planet near the event horizon of a black hole. Black holes play a major role in "Stargate SG-1", and appear in many episodes.
*In the episode "Absolute Power" of "", a black hole acts as a major plot device.

ee also

*Black holes (the science behind it all)
*White holes in fiction
*Wormholes in fiction
*Neutron stars in fiction

External links

* [http://library.thinkquest.org/C0110369/Scifi.htm The Truth About Black Holes: Science Fiction]
* [http://blackholes.stardate.org/basics/basic.php?id=1 Black Holes: Stranger Than Fiction]